Background: Macrophages have important role in defense against Herpes Simplex Virus type-1 (HSV-1). The present study was performed to determine the viability and nitric oxide (NO) production by HSV-1 infected mouse peritoneal macrophages (HIM). Method: The viability of macrophages was evaluated using MTT reduction assay and the production of nitrite using Griess method. Results: The ability of...

Background: It is believed that activation of microglia in the central nervous system upon detection of stimulus like lipopolysaccharides provokes neuroinflammation via the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines. The cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties of various folk medicine has been gaining attention as a strategy to combat various disease. This study aimed to ass...

evidence supports the involvement of nitric oxide (no) in a varity of male reproductive processes such as spermatogenesis, spermiogenesis, sperm motion, sperm metabolism and sperm capacitation. however, low concentration of no is essential in biology and physiology of spermatozoa, but high amounts of no is toxic and has negative effects on sperm functions. on the other hand, it is established t...

Oviductus Ranae is the dry oviduct of Rana chensinensis, which is also called R. chensinensis oil. Oviductus Ranae is a valuable Chinese crude drug and is recorded in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunostimulatory activity of protein hydrolysate of Oviductus Ranae (ORPH) and to assess its possible mechanism. Immunomodulatory a...

In this study, the cytotoxicities and anti-inflammatory activities of five resveratrol derivatives-vitisinol A, (+)-ε-viniferin, (+)-vitisin A, (-)-vitisin B, and (+)-hopeaphenol-isolated from Ampelopsis brevipedunculata var. hancei were evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, respectively. The...

Neuroblastomas are the most common solid extracranial tumors in childhood. We investigated the anticancer effect of cearoin isolated from Dalbergia odorifera in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. SH-SY5Y cells were treated with various doses of cearoin. The viability was measured by MTT assay. DCFDA fluorescence assay and Griess assay were used for the measurement of intracellular reactive oxyg...

BACKGROUND Excessive pro-inflammatory cytokine production from activated microglia contributes to neurodegenerative diseases, thus, microglial inactivation may delay the progress of neurodegeneration by attenuating the neuroinflammation. Among 5 selected brown algae, we found the highest antioxidant and anti-neuroinflammatory activities from Myagropsis myagroides ethanolic extract (MME) in lipo...

objectives the current study aimed to investigate the immunostimulatory effects of the aqueous extract of heracleum persicum on mouse peritoneal macrophages. background the immune system provides protection against infectious diseases that are caused by various microorganisms, in particular pathogenic fungi. utilization of herbal immunostimulants is one solution to improve the immunity of human...


 Purpose: To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects and antioxidant activity of Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz fruit extract in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglia.
 Methods: cells were treated with LPS for 24 h presence or absence O. extract. Then, nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS) interleukin 6 (IL-16) levels measured using Griess reagent assay, CM-H2DCF...

Background: Neuroinflammation, as a major outcome of microglia activation, is an important factor for progression of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Microglial cells, as the first-line defense in the central nervous system, act as a source of neurotoxic factors such as nitric oxide (NO), a free radical which is involved in neuronal cell death. ...