Reverse osmosis (RO) is a ground breaking membrane based technology to purify water by separating the dissolved solids from feed stream resulting in permeate and reject stream for a wide arena of applications in domestic , industrial and wide array of applications. Reverse osmosis or other membrane separation processes has an innovative vision which is extremely targeted towards environmental p...

OBJECTIVE To assess the knowledge and perception of parents of high school students about the health effects of environmental hazards in Sakarya province of Turkey. METHOD The cross-section study was conducted in May 2009 in which randomly assigned 362 parents answered a questionnaire inquiring about the sociodemographics and a list of environmental hazards such as tobacco smoking, sunlight e...

Rapid increases in the swine (Sus scrofa domestica) population in the 1990s and associated potential for nitrate N pollution of surface waters led the state of North Carolina to adopt stringent waste management regulations in 1993. Our objectives were to characterize (i) nitrate N movement from waste application fields (WAFs) in shallow ground water, and (ii) soil, hydrologic, and biological fa...

Environmental Protection Agency, it has not been subjected to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. iii The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is charged by Congress with protecting the Nation's land, air, and water resources. Under a mandate of national environmental laws, the Agency strives to ...

Water Pollution is an alarm at the global level. The groundwater is continuously decreasing, in anthropogenic pressure as well as naturally. Arsenic is one of the prominent contaminant, which is degrading the quality of groundwater naturally. In India, arsenic pollution in groundwater is mainly reported from West Bengal. Since its first reported case in early eighties, there are 1312 affected v...

Whereas point sources of nutrients are quite well known and controlled, there is growing concern about non-point sources, especially those that are related to individual homeowners and citizens' practices. They seem to be the hardest to manage and reduce. On-site sewage disposal systems (OSDS) are among the major contributors to the nutrient pollution of surface and ground waters. In Calvert Co...

The horizontally polarizing surface parts of shiny black cars (the reflection-polarization characteristics of which are similar to those of water surfaces) attract water-leaving polarotactic insects. Thus, shiny black cars are typical sources of polarized light pollution endangering water-leaving insects. A new fashion fad is to make car-bodies matt black or grey. Since rough (matt) surfaces de...

Empirical studies suggest that cost-share programs are unlikely to reduce exploitation of ground water and nonpoint-source pollution. By introducing an induced irrigation technology in our model, we find theoretically that the optimal amount of irrigation water and nitrogen fertilizer increases (decreases) when the increased rate of the marginal net economic benefits from their use with an indu...

Oil extraction may cause extensive environmental impact that can affect health of populations living in surrounding areas. Large populations are potentially exposed to oil extraction related contamination through residence in areas where oil extraction is conducted, especially in low and middle income countries (LMICs). Health effects among people residentially exposed to upstream oil industry ...