We illustrate two differential oligopoly games using, respectively, the capital accumulation dynamics à la Solow-Nerlove-Arrow, and the capital accumulation dynamics à la Ramsey. In both settings, we evaluate the effects of (gross) profit taxation, proving that there exist tax rates yielding the same steady state social welfare as under social planning. Contrary to the static approach, our dyna...

There is much debate on the size and importance of agriculture in Hawaii’s economy. Estimates of agriculture’s contributions vary significantly, depending on what is defined as “agriculture” and on the methodol­ ogy used to develop those estimates. In this publication, we examine four methods of estimating agriculture’s eco­ nomic activity. First, the most common measure used historically in Ha...

There are many products which have little or no value in isolation, but if combined with other products or services, they generate more value. The utility that a given user derives from these products depends upon the number of other users who consume the same products. This kind of positive consumption externality is defined as a network externality. Network externalities are pervasive in the ...

In this article we analyze an informed firm's choice of financial structure when the financing contract is observed not only by the capital market but also by a second uninformed party, such as a competing firm. The informed firm's gross profit is endogenous, because the second party's action depends on the transaction it observes between the informed firm and the capital market. The main resul...

The optimal management contract is derived in an environment in which a manager can influence the distribution of earnings through an unobservable effort decision, only the manager observes actual earnings, and the manager can engage in costly reported earnings manipulation. The manager's compensation is required to satisfy an ex ante participation constraint that reflects the cost of effort an...

In the modern digitalised era, total number of businesses and organisations utilising crowdsourcing services has risen, leading to an increase their website traffic. this way, there is plenty space for marketers strategists capitalise big data from both own crowdsourcer’s websites. This can lead a comprehension factors affecting brand name, sustainability (gross profit) consequently visitor inf...

Pigs that grow slower than their contemporaries can cause complications for animal welfare and profitability. This study was conducted to investigate factors that may contribute to slow growth of pigs. Pigs ( = 440) farrowed by 65 sows were monitored from birth to market. Pigs were categorized as slow, average, and fast growers based on market weight adjusted to 170 d of age (slow growers were ...

Cole crops (Brassica vegetables) can pose a significant risk for N losses during the post-harvest period due to substantial amounts of readily mineralizable N in crop residues. Amending the soil with organic C has the potential to immobilize N and thereby reduce the risk for N losses. Four field trials were conducted to determine the effects of organic C amendments (OCA) on N dynamics and sprin...

The relationship of hospital ownership and service composition to hospital charges was examined for 456 general acute hospitals in California. Ancillary services had higher profit margins, both gross and net profits, than daily hospital services. Ancillary services accounted for 55.3 percent of total patient revenue. Charges per day were 23 percent higher for ancillary services than for daily h...