Scarcely is GPRS on the market, before the next development, EGPRS, appears on the horizon. EGPRS is intended to achieve data rates up to 364 kbit/s, thus also covering typical 3G applications. With a view to fast data transmission, network operators in North America in particular have shifted their focus from TDMA IS136 to GSM in recent months, and so given extra impetus to the GSM850 and EGPR...

T latest GSM phones are already quadband, giving users extended coverage on 800 MHz, 900 MHz, 1800 MHz and 1900 MHz GSM bands across five different continents. Many also incorporate Bluetooth wireless technology for headset and SIM card synchronization functions. They will soon acquire Wi-Fi connections to take advantage of voice-over-IP (VoIP) connections, and receive digital terrestrial telev...

Mobile phones continue to develop with more user features being implemented as new technology is released commercially. The boundaries will blur between internet, broadcast and mobile telecommunications. Significantly more radio base stations will be needed as communications technology nears the physical limits in spectrum efficiency and to support increasing data-rates. The impact of transmitt...

Cellular mobile radio systems like GSM/EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution) using pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) for transmission over frequency-selective channels are confronted with increasing demands on spectral efficiency. By using advanced signal processing techniques, receivers are able to cope with higher interference power levels from e.g. cochannel cells, therefore allowing a...

The rapidly increasing number of mobile devices, capacious data, and higher data rate are pushing to rethink the current generation of the cellular mobile communication. The next or fifth generation (5G) of the cellular networks is expected to meet the requirements. Pervasive connectivity, low latency and very high data transfer are the unique features of 5G networks. Long Term Evolution is a s...

T his is Pervasive Computing’s second special issue focusing on Smart Phones. For the past 10 years, mobile computing in general and smart phones in particular have been topics of great interest and innovation within the research and business communities. Last year, despite the economic downturn, well over a billion mobile phones were sold worldwide. At the same time these phones are getting sm...

introduction:  the  use  of  mobile  communication  systems  has  dramatically  increased  over  the  past  decade. although many studies have been performed to determine the effect of radio frequency (rf) but  less attention has been paid to the possible biological impact of exposure to extremely low frequency  (elf) components.   the objective of this study is two folds. one is to design the ...

Introduction: Mobile phones and computers are a reservoir of growth and transmission of microorganisms. This study aimed to evaluate the microbial contamination of computers and mobile phones used by students of an academic dental school, compared to the students of a non-medical school. Methods: Sampling was performed on 44 computers and 45 mobile phones in a dental school (test) and a non-med...