introductionin comparison with fossil fuels which pollute the lower layer of the atmosphere, use of windenergy has many environmental and economic advantages. wind is a clean and renewableenergy resource and use of the energy in the recent decades has been welcomed so much in theworld. energy plays an important role in the development of each society. all differentactivities including housing, ...

impatiens necrotic spot virus (insv) infects ornamental plants worldwide. it has been reported from almost every ornamental screenhouse in tehran province. insv symptoms include necrotic leaf spot, chlorosis and stunting. heavy losses have been reported from insv in plants such as zinnia elegans, ficus benjamina, viola spp., saintpaulia ioantha, althea spp., cheiranthus cheiri, pelargoniumxhort...

BACKGROUND Geothermal waters could be suitable niches for thermophilic free living amoebae including Naegleria and Hartmannella. Ardebil Province, northwest Iran is popular for having many hot springs for recreational and health purposes activity. The present research is the first molecular based investigation regarding the presence of Naegleria and Hartmannella in the hot springs of Ardebil Pr...

Gamma rays pose enough energy to induce chemical changes that may be biologically important for the normal functioning of body cells. The external exposure of human beings to natural environmental gamma radiation normally exceeds that from all man-made sources combined. In this research natural background gamma dose rates and corresponding annual effective doses were determined for selected cit...

virtual water trade is investigated in industrial, agricultural, social sectors for national and global scales. in this study, interbrain virtual water was evaluated in irrigation sector for the sefidroud basin to use in the allocation of water resources. in this regard, through investigating eight cropping pattern (s1- s8) in the riverbank of qezelozan river (provinces of east azarbaijan, zanj...

in the last decades, pesticides have been used extensively, in order to control pests and plant diseases, but negative impacts of pesticides caused several environmental problems and put human health in danger. in order to decrease environmental hazards of pesticide, risk of pesticide application should be measured briefly and precisely. in this study environmental impacts of registered insecti...

During 2011, twigs, leaves and fruits of symptomatic hosts containing Fusicladium species from Guilan, Mazandaran, Qazvin and Ardabil provinces were sampled and examined. Five species including F. carpophilum, F. fraxini, F. oleagineum, F. pomi and F. pyrorum were identified based on morphological data. Of these, F. carpophilum and F. fraxini are identified as new records for the mycobiota of I...