Hadron cancer-therapy with high-energetic heavy-ions (HI) as available at the SIS facility at GSI Darmstadt [1] as well as the research with beams stopped in biological material as realized at the UNILAC at GSI in general require the precise knowledge of the applied dose within less than 1% in most cases. Solid state detectors based on various materials read out via thermally stimulated light e...

We report the design and test results of a beam monitor developed for online monitoring in hadron therapy. The beam monitor uses eight silicon pixel sensors, Topmetal-II−, as the anode array. Topmetal-II− is a charge sensor designed in a CMOS 0.35 μm technology. Each Topmetal-II− sensor has 72 × 72 pixels and the pixel size is 83 × 83 μm. In our design, the beam passes through the beam monitor ...

Hadron radiotherapy is a cutting-edge cancer treatment method. Proton and carbon ion beams are frequently used in modern therapeutic centers. The Bragg peak at the end of the particle range delivers a higher radiation dose to tumors situated close to critical organs. However, the accuracy of the dose deposition in the tumor volume depends on the irradiation method. The present paper presents a ...

Results on soft and hard diffraction in pp and ¯ pp collisions are reviewed with emphasis on factorization and scaling properties of differential cross sections. While conventional factorization breaks down at high energies, a scaling behavior emerges, which leads to a universal description of diffractive processes in terms of a (re)normalized rapidity gap probability distribution.

Hadron therapy hospital centers have become wide spread in the world during the last decade. These centers were created mainly on basis of the cycling accelerators such as cyclotrons and synchrotrons. Now there are several proposals of the proton centers on the basis of linear accelerators. In this report we discuss features, advantages and disadvantages of hadron therapy centers on the basis o...

Photon-photon collisions are investigated in the framework of the two-component Dual Parton Model. The model contains contributions from direct, resolved soft and resolved hard interactions. All free parameters of the model are determined in fits to hadronhadron and photon-hadron cross section data. The model is shown to agree well to hadron production data from hadron-hadron and photon-hadron ...