The effect of fat rich (F), protein rich (P) and carbohydrate rich (C) diets and chronic ethanol consumption on experimental acute pancreatitis was studied in rats. One hundred and ninety two animals with induced acute pancreatitis were divided into eight groups fed either a mixture of water and 15% ethanol (v/v), or tap water combined with standard or special diets according to their group, fo...

Ficheux et al. may result from the method of TMP calculation. If only three pressure points are known, the fourth one (inlet dialysate pressure) must be inferred or assumed, so introducing great variability related to dialyser characteristics and operational setting. The impact of the fourth point on TMP calculation is highly significant and the error is increased by disregarding the contributi...

Increasing use of heart-lung machines accentuates the desirability of reducing demands on blood donors by the addition of other priming fluids. Neptune, Bougas, and Panico (1960) described a machine requiring no priming blood, and Zuhdi, McCollough, Carey, Krieger, and Greer (1961) accepted haemodilution by 5% dextrose solution during hypothermic perfusion. Recently Long, Sanchez, Varco, and Li...

The clinical and laboratory parameters of dengue in children, along with predictive markers of dengue shock syndrome (DSS), were studied in Mumbai in 2003. In 2004, there was again a resurgence of dengue in Mumbai and a prospective study of children admitted in hospital was undertaken to determine the clinical and laboratory features of dengue, with specific features in order of severity of the...

Only turnover studies can reveal the mechanism behind an abnormal serum concentration of a given protein. Albumin, the major fraction of serum protein, is usually low when total serum protein is low and hence basic causes of hypoproteinaemia are much the same as those of hypoalbuminaemia: (1) increased catabolism which occurs in a variety of acute conditions such as acute infections, trauma inc...

Many mammals have the ability to autotransfuse a large quantity of red blood cells from the spleen into the active circulation during times of stress. This enhancement of the oxygen transport system has benefited the athletic mammal, that is, the thoroughbred horse, fox and greyhound in an improved aerobic performance. The role of the spleen in sequestering 50% of the total red cell volume in s...

BACKGROUND Diabetic muscle infarction (DMI) is an unusual disorder of type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients with advanced microvascular damage including nephropathy. Few reports describe this complication among dialysis patients. METHODS We studied four patients with terminal renal failure due to diabetic nephropathy who developed isolated skeletal muscle infarction at our institution between J...

Few studies have examined energy metabolism during prolonged, strenuous exercise. We wanted therefore to investigate energy metabolic consequences of a prolonged period of continuous strenuous work with very high energy expenditure. Twelve endurance-trained athletes (6 males and 6 females) were recruited. They performed a 7-h bike race on high work-load intensity. Physiological, biochemical, en...

The concentrating ability of the kidney changes with age: after birth it increases (Smith, 1959), and in old age it falls (Lindeman, van Buren, and Raisz, 1960). The maximum osmolality during the newborn period is much lower than in adults (Heller, 1944; Smith, Yudkin, Young, Minkowski, and Cushman, 1949; Barnett and Vesterdal, 1953; Hansen and Smith, 1953; McCance and Widdowson, 1954; Calgagno...

AIMS The underlying mechanisms leading to recurrent ischaemic events or mortality after red blood cell (RBC) transfusion in anaemic acute coronary syndrome patients are poorly understood. The aim of this paper is to determine whether RBC transfusion increases platelet activation and aggregation. METHODS AND RESULTS In vitro transfusions (n = 45) were performed by the addition of RBCs obtained...