BACKGROUND Perceptions of speech in the absence of an auditory stimulus (auditory verbal hallucinations) are a cardinal feature of schizophrenia. Functional neuroimaging provides a powerful means of measuring neural activity during auditory hallucinations, but the results from previous studies have been inconsistent. This may reflect the acquisition of small numbers of images in each subject an...

I A peripheral process often of a pathological nature, a state of dissociation and a subexcitement of secondary sensory and ideomotor elements constitute the main conditions of hallucinations. The peripheral pathological process and the state of dissociation are requisite to the formation of the hallucinatory percept, while the content of such percepts are given by the systems of sensory-motor ...

A 73-year-old woman outpatient with mild cognitive impairment, parasomnia and depressive state with musical hallucinations failed to respond to 400 mg/day of valproate. Once she was admitted to a university hospital, her musical hallucinations partially responded to 1 mg/day of clonazepam and sufficiently improved on 100 mg/day of carbamazepine. Two months after discharge, however, her musical ...

OBJECTIVES To describe the hallucinations occurring as a result of a macular hole in each eye and to investigate the neural basis. METHODS Psychophysical observations including sketches of the hallucinations calibrated for size. RESULTS All the hallucinations were of the geometric (patterned) type and lasted for only a few days. CONCLUSIONS The observations can be explained on the basis o...

BACKGROUND Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) experience visual hallucinations, which may be related to decreased contrast sensitivity (ie, the ability to discern shades of grey). OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate if an online research platform can be used to survey patients with Parkinson's disease regarding visual hallucinations, and also be used to assess visual ...

Patients rarely experience visual hallucinations while being observed by clinicians. Therefore, instruments to detect visual hallucinations directly from patients are needed. Pareidolias, which are complex visual illusions involving ambiguous forms that are perceived as meaningful objects, are analogous to visual hallucinations and have the potential to be a surrogate indicator of visual halluc...

Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) is a disorder in which psychologically normal people, often with vision impairment, experience complex visual hallucinations. The hallucinations are purely visual and do not occur in any other sensory modality, and people with CBS have full insight into the unreal nature of the hallucinations. This report describes the case of a CBS sufferer who experienced a distr...

Complex visual hallucinations in a blinded visual field are an under-appreciated phenomenon. Both a stimulating phenomenon and a release phenomenon have been suggested as explanations for these hallucinations. However, the mechanisms of complex visual hallucinations in patients with visual field defects due to intracranial diseases are still controversial. A patient with complex visual hallucin...

Pathophysiology of hallucinations in Parkinson's disease is poorly understood. This study investigated relationships between visual hallucinations and visual acuity. Twenty-six consecutive patients with Parkinson's disease participated in this study. Patients were divided into two groups: patients with visual hallucinations (VH group) and those without visual hallucinations (no-VH group). Unaid...

leukotriene receptor antagonists(montelukast) have been used for many years in the treatment of asthma both acute and chronic stages. they are accepted commonly as safe but mostly possible side effects are ignored. however, montelukast also could lead to important adverse reactions like hallucinations. in literature only 2 reports have been found about hallucinations with it. one is a study whi...