Monads have been recognized by Moggi as an elegant device for dealing with stateful computation in functional programming languages. In previous work, we have introduced a Hoare calculus for partial correctness of monadic programs. All this has been done in an entirely monad-independent way. Here, we extend this to a monad-independent dynamic logic (assuming a moderate amount of additional infr...

This study examined associations between mother-infant nighttime interactions and mother-infant attachment when infants were 12 months old. Forty-four mother-infant pairs participated in this study. For three consecutive nights at home, babies were observed in their cribs using a digital video system. Mothers reported on their nighttime interactions with their babies using a self-report diary a...

fosus-al-hekam is one of the most reliable mystical sources written by the well-known mohyeddin ibn-al-arabi. the purpose of the present article is to study different descriptions of fosus-al-hekam and presenting the meaning of hazaraat-e-khams (five attendances), its various parts, the opinions of different commentators and the similarities and differences in their comments. the author of the ...

cases where bayt al-mal is responsible for payment of compensation are sometimes accompanied by intensification of compensation. the question is that whether bayt al-mal should pay the intensified compensation in such cases. this question has not been answered in juristic and, legal texts. in addition to causing difference in opinions, it has caused courts to doubt generalization of the intensi...