Purpose: To compare the Physiologic Strain Index (PSI) induced by maximal treadmill exercise with and without added heat stress as part of medical evaluation for hazardous materials (hazmat) work requiring protective ensembles which block evaporative and convective heat transfer. Also, to extend comparison of PSI versus published values from hazmat simulations. Methods: Candidates for hazmat du...

Risk factors are generally defined and assigned to road networks, as constant measures in hazmat routing problems. In fact, they may be dynamic variables depending on traffic volume, weather and road condition, and drivers' behavior. In this research work, risk factors are defined as dynamic variables using the concept of chaos theory. The largest Lyapunov exponent is utilized to determine the ...

This paper proposes adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to predict the risk with its aggregated cost (CR) of an accident in road transportation hazardous material, aim is provide a more accurate and reliable data for safety transportation. The determination index by conventional methods such as Risk graphs deterministic approaches may lead imprecise values due uncertainties, both para...

Background: Hazardous Materials and Chemical/Biological/Radiological/Nuclear (HazMat-CBRN) incidents represent a serious threat to the population environment1. They require pre-hospital medical response system well equipped supported with logistics clinicians appropriate knowledge skills prevent exposure mitigate risks. Our aim is determine if Hamad Medical Corporation Ambulance Service (HMCAS)...

This paper provides a comprehensive review in the domain of hazardous material transportation from an Operational Research point view. The paper's focus lies on hazmat routing, routing-scheduling, and network design problems. objective this is twofold: (1) reviewing models’ assumptions, objectives constraints, decisions, input parameters, basic modeling/solution techniques, case studies, (2) hi...

Most large fire departments that participated in this study expressed confi­ dence in their ability to respond to typical hazardous materials (hazmat) events, such as hazardous cargo spills from trucks involved in highway accidents. In contrast, these same departments were greatly concerned about their ability to respond to large or multiple acts of terrorism. For instance, terrorism response c...

in the case of hazardous materials management, selected routes for carrying hazardous materials (i.e.,hazmat) have significant effects on locating hazmat distribution centers. since, risk and cost are usuallyconsidered as two main attributes to determine the best routes, optimized locations are sequentially outlineddepending on selected routes. in the present paper, two different approaches of ...

SUMMARY: PHMSA is amending the Hazardous Materials Regulations to maintain alignment with international standards by incorporating various amendments, including changes to proper shipping names, hazard classes, packing groups, special provisions, packaging authorizations, air transport limited quantities, and vessel stowage requirements. These revisions are necessary to harmonize the Hazardous ...