Abstract. Global emissions of the ozone-depleting gas HCFC-141b (1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, CH3CCl2F) derived from measurements atmospheric mole fractions increased between 2017 and 2021 despite a fall in reported production consumption for dispersive uses. is controlled substance under Montreal Protocol, its phase-out currently underway, after peak developing (Article 5) countries 2013. If a...

The use of hydrochlorofluocarbon (HFC) solvents is banned from the end of 2001. Part of this article assessed the merits of using hydrofluoroethers as replacement solvents. Alternatives to HFCs are more expensive. Part II looks at how to reduce the cost of conversion.

The adjustment of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere to reductions in emissions depends on the chemical and physical processes that remove each gas from the atmosphere. Concentrations of some greenhouse gases decrease almost immediately in response to emission reduction, while others can actually continue to increase for centuries even with reduced emissions. The concentration of a...


 Hydrocarbon refrigerant is a type of environmentally friendly but it has disadvantages compared to halocarbon which flammable. The purpose mixing hydrocarbon refrigerants with halocarbons in the study was determine effect percentage mixture on temperature evaporator and reduce its flameability. mass mixed that loaded time used as independent variable, dependent variable. So relationship ...

Sonny G. Sundaresan Copeland Corporation Sidney, Ohio, U.S.A. HCFC 22 currently used in Air-Conditioning and Heat Pump applications, is being replaced by R407C and R410A, both HFC 32 based blends. Scroll compressors are being developed to meet the improved efficiency and other system performance requirements in Air-Conditioning and Heat Pump products in North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific. L...