Abstract This paper explores an idea of Stoic descent that is largely neglected nowadays, the argument valid when conditional formed by conjunction its premises as antecedent and conclusion consequent true. As will be argued, once some basic features our naïve understanding validity are properly spelled out, a suitable account conditionals adopted, equivalence between arguments true makes perfe...

Canonical quantization is a wonderful procedure for selected problems, but there are many problems which it fails. Affine different that has shown can solve canonical cannot. Here, words like succeed and fail to refer whether the results correct or incorrect. This paper offers two simple examples serve introduce affine quantization, compare studies of procedures. Brief comments about field theo...

Abstract In the present article, I criticize narrow-minded definitions of validity as done by mainstream psychology and its quantitative imperative. argue that should be defined in a broader way such enhancing transparency scientific inquiry. The consequence too focus upon is specific psychological phenomena are bracketed, analysis argued non-valid or non-scientific. Psychological watching tele...