Background: In treating patients with radiation, the degree of accuracy for the delivery of tumor dose is recommended to be within ± 5% by ICRU in report 24. The experimental studies have shown that the presence of low-density inhomogeneity in areas such as the lung can lead to a greater than 30% change in the water dose data. Therefore, inhomogeneity corrections should be used in treatment pla...

The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a previously described technique of regional analgesia (continuous infusion of local anesthetic through a catheter placed at the time of amputation within the exposed sciatic or posterior tibial nerve) on relieving the postoperative pain in a heterogeneous group of patients who underwent lower extremity amputations. A second objecti...

Proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices (smart wearables/vehicles, etc.) in the near future, would raise the capacity and bandwidth demands from the cellular infrastructure manifold. Deploying small cells is an effective solution to cope with the problem. This work focuses on a special kind of small eNBs, termed as Phantom eNBs. Phantom eNB acts as a supplement to the current radio ac...

We report an investigation of image reconstruction in photoacoustic tomography for objects that possess heterogeneous material and acoustic attenuation distributions. When the object contains materials, such as bone and soft-tissue, that are modeled using power law attenuation models with distinct exponents, we demonstrate that the effects of acoustic attenuation due to the most strongly attenu...

Advances of radiation delivery devices have increased the complexity oncology treatments. Herewith, outcome treatment, as well patient safety, strongly depend on consistency absorbed dose delivery. Both can be ensured by comprehensive system verification calculated distributions. Standard method is evaluation distribution according to gamma method, using a 2-D detector and homogeneous phantom, ...

background: prediction of the absorbed dose in irradiated volume plays an important role in the outcome of radiotherapy. application of small fields for radiotherapy of thorax makes the dose calculation process inaccurate due to the existence of electronic disequilibrium and intrinsic deficiencies in dose calculation algorithms. to study the lung absorbed dose in radiotherapy with small fields,...

Conventional radar-based image reconstruction techniques fail when they are applied to heterogeneous breast tissue, since the underlying in-breast relative permittivity is unknown or assumed to be constant. This results in a systematic error during the process of image formation. A recent trend in microwave biomedical imaging is to extract the relative permittivity from the object under test to...