In this article, we analyzed the origin of wild polyploid oats (Avena L., Poaceae) using region 18S rDNA (partially)–ITS1–5.8S obtained via NGS. There are six tetraploid (2n = 28) and four hexaploid 42) species differing by specific genome combinations: A. barbata, vaviloviana (AB), agadiriana (AB or BB), magna, murphyi, insularis (AC CD), ludoviciana, sterilis, fatua, occidentalis (ACD). We co...

Styrax L. is a genus of ≈130 species, many with horticultural traits interest, though sparsely represented in cultivation. Previous studies reporting chromosome counts have established base number x = 8 and provided evidence diploid, tetraploid, pentaploid, hexaploid levels within the genus, including more commonly cultivated japonicus Siebold & Zucc. being reported as pentaploid. Little ha...

Wheat has been cultivated for 10000 years and ever since the origin of hexaploid wheat it has been exempt from natural selection. Instead, it was under the constant selective pressure of human agriculture from harvest to sowing during every year, producing a vast array of varieties. Wheat has been adopted globally, accumulating variation for genes involved in yield traits, environmental adaptat...

Synthetic hexaploid wheat is an effective genetic resource for transferring agronomically important genes from Aegilops tauschii to common wheat. Wide variation in grain size and shape, one of the main targets for wheat breeding, has been observed among Ae. tauschii accessions. To identify the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) responsible for grain size and shape variation in the wheat D genome un...

Triploid wheat hybrids between tetraploid wheat and Aegilops tauschii sometimes show abnormal growth phenotypes, and the growth abnormalities inhibit generation of wheat synthetic hexaploids. In type II necrosis, one of the growth abnormalities, necrotic cell death accompanied by marked growth repression occurs only under low temperature conditions. At normal temperature, the type II necrosis l...

Polyploid species generally occupy harsher habitats (characterized by cold, drought and/or high altitude) than diploids, but the converse was observed for Chamerion angustifolium, in which diploid plants generally inhabit higher altitudes than their polyploid derivatives. Plants at high altitudes may experience cold-induced water stress, and we therefore examined the physiological responses of ...

The diversity and evolution of wheat (Triticum-Aegilops group) genomes is determined, in part, by the activity of transposable elements that constitute a large fraction of the genome (up to 90%). In this study, we retrieved sequences from publicly available wheat databases, including a 454-pyrosequencing database, and analyzed 18,217 insertions of 18 Stowaway-like miniature inverted-repeat tran...

Abstract Background Plant phylogeographic studies of species in subtropical China have mainly focused on rare and endangered species, whereas few been conducted taxa with relatively wide distribution, especially polyploid species. We investigated the cytotype haplotype distribution pattern Actinidia chinensis complex, a widespread geographically woody liana variable ploidy comprising two variet...