Realization of a novel single-resistance-controlled oscillator, employing an active element and all grounded passive elements, is the purpose of this manuscript. With requirements for completing the design being only a single Voltage Differencing Current Conveyor and four grounded passive components, it is also a preferable choice for integrated circuit implementation. The designed circuit has ...

The purpose of this paper is to improve the output impedance of a current source used for Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) by using a Negative Impedance Converter (NIC). A Monopolar Howland Current Source(MHCS) and NIC circuits were implemented and then the output impedance was measured by a Data Acquisition (DAC) board of 12 bits resolution. A resistive load was used for investigating the...

This paper presents an application of Wavelet multiresolution analysis (MRA) for the identification and classification of high impedance faults. Daubechies eight (D-8) Wavelet transforms of three phase currents on transmission lines are used for the analysis. The peak absolute values, the mean of the peak absolute values and summation of the 3rd level output of MRA detail signals of current in ...

A 1.2-V fully integrated 0.35m inductively degenerated common source CMOS low-noise amplifier has been demonstrated at 2.4 GHz in this paper. A simple common source configuration can be operated at lower voltage and has lower output impedance when compared with a conventional high output impedance cascode LNA circuit topology. The input matching inductance, output matching inductance, and sourc...

The limited usefulness of the maximum power transfer theorem in practice is argued. Inappropriately, the utility and value of the maximum power transfer theorem are often elevated to be religious icons of electrical engineering. While the theorem appears to be useful, often in real circuits the load impedance is not set equal to the complex conjugate of the equivalent impedance of the connectin...

A Microcontroller based digital pH meter was designed and developed to measure the value of pH (acidity or alkalinity) for any type of solution. Two op-amps of high input impedance and low output impedance were used to design the pH meter: one is used as a buffer and the other as a summing amplifier. The output of the summing amplifier is connected to the microcontroller as an input. The pH val...

Circuit–level simulation of 16 modulators is a time– consuming task (taking one or more days for meaningful results). While there are a great variety of techniques and tools that speed up the simulations for discrete–time (DT)16 modulators, there is no rigorous methodology implemented in a tool to efficiently simulate and design the continuous– time (CT) counterpart. Yet, in todays low–power, h...

A technique is proposed for the design of a modified CMOS regulated cascode having an output impedance significantly greater than that of a conventional regulated cascode. Simulation results for an illustrative design, operating at 10μA from a 1V supply, show an increase in output resistance from 636MΩ and output bandwidth of 55kHz for a conventional circuit to 6.68GΩ and 389kHz, respectively, ...

A convenient and reliable enough method of cardiac output monitoring is still of interest. The following article presents a comparison of selected methods of noninvasive evaluation of this parameter. It considers the analysis of signals measured from the thorax (blood impedance change) and from distal locations like signals from a photopletysmographic sensor or blood pressure from a limb. All o...