In this paper 2D and 3D ray-tracing-predictions based on UTD are compared to measurements in urban microcellular environments characterized by an irregular mixture of building heights due to the presence of relatively high rise buildings. It is shown that the 2D ray-tracing underestimates the measurement in area far from the transmitter. The theoretical study and the preliminary comparisons wit...

The passenger service level in an elevator system depends on the planning of the elevator group and on the control of the elevators. In this thesis the contribution of passenger and elevator traffic for an elevator group with multiple shafts is studied by simulations and theoretical analysis. During this work an elevator control system, the Traffic Master System 9000 (TMS9000), was developed. T...

This paper gives a brief description of the over quick urbanization sinceChongqing, one of the biggest cities in China, has been a municipality directly under theCentral Government in 1997, excessive development and exceeding increase of high-risebuildings because of its special geographical position which finally leads to the worseningof the urban outdoor thermal environment. Then, this paper ...

With the advent of recent construction technologies, human civilization is striving for cost effective and time saving design solutions. Conceptual design is the first stepping stone and is arguably the most difficult wherein a tentative shape to the final design is given. High-rise buildings being an important financial enterprise as it involves enormous private and public investment and, most...

The development of design seismic forces is reviewed. The earthquake engineering was shown to have developed in the last 60 years. The characteristics of ground motion and structural response were gradually understood over the last five decades. The damage statistics from recent major earthquakes indicated that the severe damage was observed in taller buildings. The ratios of buildings with ope...