introduction: attention to rural development than urban development in the third world not because of the majority of the population in rural areas, but also because it is the final solution to the problem of urban unemployment and decreasing the population density metropolis, development and improvement of the rural environment. rural tourism potentially can be considered as fundamental approa...

based on writing of tabari as well as other historical researches, mihr narseh, prime minister of bahram v (421-439 ad) founded a number of buildings in the province of ardashir khorrah. among public utility buildings, he built four fire temples in four villages in baryn plains of the same province. the current paper tries to find the exact locations of those temples based on references availab...

the great event of ghadir has always had its own reasons and evidence to be proven. one of its documentation is the construction of a building as a mosque for its memorial. this article examines ghadir mosque features in the existing narratives and textual and visual documents. firstly, the geographical location of ghadirkhom, the reasons why this location was chosen for announcing the successo...

BACKGROUND Schistosomiasis japonica is a parasitic disease that remains endemic in seven provinces in the People's Republic of China (P.R. China). One of the most important measures in the process of schistosomiasis elimination in P.R. China is control of Oncomelania hupensis, the unique intermediate host snail of Schistosoma japonicum. Compared with plains/swamp and lake regions, the hilly/mou...

Historical and Cultural Towns (Villages) (HCTVs) are the important parts in recordation of traditional culture, folk customs architectural art China. However, with rapid development economy rural urbanization, these towns villages faced a series problems, such as features lost, architecture destroyed lack long-term comprehensive effective plan for scientific conservation measures. As result, hi...

using records and documents left by muslim geographers and historions, this article tries to rebuild the historical geography of zarang, now a buried islamic - iranian city and once the administrative center of the sistan region in southeastern iran. the aim of this reconstruction is to help archaeologists have access to the plan and approximate whereabouts of major facilities of the city befor...