SKUTCH, A. F. 1989. Birds asleep. University of Texas Press, Austin. TOOLSON, E. C. 1987. Water profligacy as an adaptation to hot deserts: Water loss rates and evaporative cooling in the Sonoran Desert cicada, Diceroprocta apache (Homoptera: Cicadidae). Physiological Zoology 60:379-385. VLECK, C. M., AND D. VLECK. 1979. Metabolic rate in five tropical bird species. Condor 81:89-91. WALSBERG, ....

Brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål, Homoptera: Delphacidae) is economically important pest on rice that feed directly or serve as vectors of pathogenic microorganisms and viruses to crops, resulting in significant damage and yield losses for farmers. In recent decades, brown planthopper has become notorious due to the emergence of new, virulent populations that can overcome host resista...

Field experiment was conducted at the farm of Faculty Agriculture, GomalUniversity, Dera Ismail Khan to determine integrated effect nitrogenous fertilizer and syntheticinsecticides on aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) (Homoptera: Aphididae) population in canolacrop during 2010-11. Results showed that tested insecticides significantly reduced aphid populationcompared control. Minimum (8.67aph...

åÌÓ„Ë ÚÎË (Hemiptera: Aphididae), Í‡Í Ë ÔÓ ̃Ë ̇ÒÂÍÓÏ ̊ ÓÚfl‰‡ Homoptera, ÔËÚ‡ ̨ÚÒfl ÙÎÓ ̋ÏÌ ̊Ï ÒÓÍÓÏ ‡ÒÚÂÌËÈ [2]. Ç Ò‚flÁË Ò ÚÂÏ, ̃ ÚÓ ̋ ÚÓÚ ÒÓÍ ÒÓ‰ÂÊËÚ ÎË ̄ ̧ 20% ÌÂÁ‡ÏÂÌËÏ ̊ı ‡ÏËÌÓÍËÒÎÓÚ, ÌÂÓ·ıÓ‰ËÏ ̊ı ‰Îfl ÌÓχΠ̧ÌÓ„Ó ‡Á‚ËÚËfl Ë ÊËÁ̉ÂflÚÂÎ ̧ÌÓÒÚË ÚÎÂÈ [3], ÔÓÒΉÌË “‚ ̊ÌÛʉÂÌ ̊ ‚ÒÚÛÔ‡Ú ̧” ‚ ÒËÏ·ËÓÚË ̃ÂÒÍË ÓÚÌÓ ̄ÂÌËfl Ò ̋̉ӈËÚÓ·ËÓÚË ̃ÂÒÍËÏË ·‡ÍÚÂËflÏË Ó‰‡ Buchnera, ÍÓÚÓ ̊ ‚ÓÒÔÓÎÌfl ̨Ú Ì‰ÓÒÚ‡ ̨ ̆ËÂ...

The cotton aphid fungus, Neozygites fresenii (Entomophthorales: Neozygitaceae) is an important pathogen of the cotton aphid Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Homoptera: Aphididae). The capilliconidia of this pathogenic fungus adhere to the integument of aphids, beginning the cycle of mycosis. Few studies have been conducted that attempt to quantify or examine the points of infection of an entomopathogen...

The white peach scale (WPS), Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti) (Homoptera: Diaspididae), is a world wide polyphagous scale insect. It is widely distributed in north of Iran, near the Caspian Sea areas, where it is the main pest of mulberry and kiwi trees. The development and fecundity of P. pentagona were examined at different temperatures and on different hosts in the laboratory. T...

Males of the North American cicada Okanagana rimosa (Homoptera: Cicadidae, Tibicininae) emit loud airborne acoustic signals for intraspecific communication. Specialised vibratory signals could not be detected; however, the airborne signal induced substrate vibrations. Both auditory and vibratory spectra peak in the range from 7-10 kHz. Thus, the vibrations show similar frequency components to t...