Background: Injecting drug users (IDUs) and prisoners are considered to be highly vulnerable to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in Iran. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of HIV infection among IDUs released from jail in Bahar (Hamadan, Iran). Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 118 IDUs who were prisoners during 2001-07 were evaluated. Their demographic and p...

background: as a drug target and an antigenic agent, hiv-1 protease (hiv-1 pr) is at the center of attention for designing anti-aids inhibitors and diagnostic tests. in previous studies, the production of the recombinant protease has been faced with several difficulties; therefore, the aims of this study were the easy production, purification of the soluble form of protease in e. coli and inves...

background and aims: genotyping assay has been accepted as a guidance in the therapeutic management of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (hiv-1). but, it is not commonly used in our country due to its high running cost. the aim of this study is evaluate an in-house genotyping resistance test (grt) for hiv-1. methods: hiv-1 rna of 20 samples were extracted from plasma and rt nested- pcr was perform...

introduction: nowadays, hiv is mostly spreading in asian countries. one of the important routes for hiv transmission in these countries is the vertical route which infects 35% to 45% of newborns. mother’s education, drug prophylaxis and cesarean section, accompanied by banning breastfeeding will decrease this rate to 2%. therefore, mothers’ knowledge about prevention of mother to child transmis...

objective dot blot (db) assay provides highly specific results, but usually not reliable for quantification of antibody production. the need for a more objective db assay to provide a better definition of the immune status, against hiv antigens, promoted this study to be done to develop a quantitative db assay. material and methods dot blot (db) strips for antibodies directed to human immunodef...

human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection has been associated with cardiac disease, including anatomical or functional disturbance to the heart. cardiomyopathy (cmp) is one of these disturbances that have been associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. in this review article, several aspects of potential relationships between hiv infection and cardiomyopathy development have been...

introduction : the decreased level of immunity in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infected patients increases their vulnerability to various opportunistic fungal infections. oral candidiasis has been found to be the most common fungal infection among hiv infected patients. the present study was conducted to evaluate the spectrum of various opportunistic fungal infections and their correlatio...

Opportunistic bacterial and fungal infections of the lower respiratory tract, most commonly those caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus), Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Pneumocystis jirovecii, remain the major causes of mortality in those infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Bacterial respiratory pathogens most prevalent in those infected with HIV, other than M. tub...