Recent genome-wide association studies suggest distinct roles for 12 human interferon-alpha (IFN-α) and 3 IFN-λ subtypes that may be elucidated by defining the expression patterns of these sets of genes. To overcome the impediment of high homology among each of the sets, we designed a quantitative real-time PCR assay that incorporates the use of molecular beacon and locked nucleic acid (LNA) pr...

conclusions the growth rate of information in bioinformatics databases could facilitate studies of live organisms prior to observation studies. two different protein classes could be causative agents of one disease. however, two related diseases from one disease group could consist of different protein classes. future research in the field of proteomics could allow modern insight to reshuffling...

We present in vivo values for the optical transport coefficients (mu(a), mu(s)?) of the adult human forearm, calf, and head from 760 to 900 nm measured with time-resolved spectroscopy. The accuracy of the method is tested with tissue-simulating phantoms. We obtain mu(s)?(lambda) approximately 1.1 - (5.1 x 10(-4) lambda) mm(-1) (forearm), 1.6 - (8.9 x 10(-4) lambda) mm(-1) (calf), and 1.45 - (6....

In pre-B cells, immunoglobulin mu (Ig mu) is associated with pre-B cell-specific proteins to form a multimeric complex that is found on the cell surface. One of these proteins is encoded by the three exon Ig lambda-like gene 14.1, whose expression is restricted to pre-B cells and occurs from an unrearranged gene. A comparison of the 14.1 gene structure to the seven-gene human Ig lambda locus re...

Two lysosomotrophic drugs, neutral red and chloroquine, enhance polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid-induced interferon production by a strain of diploid human fibroblasts (FS-4). Treatment of cells with neutral red or chloroquine between 2.5 and 3.5 h after induction increases interferon yields 16- to 64- and 4- to 16-fold, respectively, in the subsequent 20.5 h. The two drugs inhibit the rates of ...

antigens and mixed lymphocyte reaction in severe pre-eclampsia. Br For many years it had been known that infection with one virus could protect animals against infection with another when, in 1957, Isaacs and Lindenmann1 discovered that medium from tissue cultures challenged with a killed virus could protect other cells against infection. The substances producing these effects are highly active...

A major problem in the formulation of therapeutic proteins is the irreversible protein aggregation. Recombinant human interferon alpha2b (rhIFN2b) has poor stability and undergoes physical degradation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of solution conditions on the heat-induced aggregation of rhIFNα2b. The protein was incubated for 1 h at 40°C–70°C and for up to 240 h at 50C...