Dr. Flávio Ramalho Romero – Praça Amadeu Amaral 27 / 5o andar 01327-010 São Paulo SP Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] / [email protected] Training in microsurgical techniques is the first step to allow procedures in the central nervous system. One of them is the dissection of human placenta. Others include mannequin head, virtual reality environment, animal and cadaver dissections. The human ...

The human placenta is hypomethylated compared to somatic tissues. However, the degree and specificity of placental hypomethylation across the genome is unclear. We assessed genome-wide methylation of the human placenta and compared it to that of the neutrophil, a representative homogeneous somatic cell. We observed global hypomethylation in placenta (relative reduction of 22%) compared to neutr...

BACKGROUND System L transporters LAT1 (SLC7A5) and LAT2 (SLC7A8) mediate the uptake of large, neutral amino acids in the human placenta. Many System L substrates are essential amino acids, thus representing crucial nutrients for the growing fetus. Both LAT isoforms are expressed in the human placenta, but the relative contribution of LAT1 and LAT2 to placental System L transport and their subce...

A crude extract of human placenta has been demonstrated to stimulate growth, motility and the production of the proteases plasminogen activator and collagenase in cultured bovine capillary endothelial cells. These data are in keeping with the presence of an angiogenic factor(s) in human placenta.

Placenta as an ideal model to study angiogenic mechanisms have been established in previous studies. There are two processes, vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, involved in blood vessel formation during placental development. Therefore, blood vessel formation is a crucial issue that might cause vascular malformations. One of the vascular malformations is cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) in t...

Luca Lambertini1,2, Men-Jean Lee3, Carmen J. Marsit4 and Jia Chen1,5,6 1Department of Preventive Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, 2Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, 4Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dart...

The placenta is a key organ in fetal growth and development because it controls maternal-to-fetal exchanges of nutrients and hormones. It also interferes with drug delivery to the fetus by expressing active membrane transporters and xenobiotic metabolism enzymes. Developing strategies to understand the role of the placenta in drug delivery is a challenge in toxicology. Despite common physiologi...

L-carnitine is assumed to play an important role in fetal development, and there is evidence that carnitine is transported across the placenta. The protein involved in this transfer, however, has not been identified on a molecular level. We therefore characterized localization and function of the carnitine transporter OCTN2 in human placenta. Significant expression of OCTN2 mRNA was detected in...