Water-use efficiency (WUE), defined as the ratio of net primary productivity (NPP) to evapotranspiration (ET), is an important indicator to represent the trade-off pattern between vegetation productivity and water consumption. Its dynamics under climate change are important to ecohydrology and ecosystem management, especially in the drylands. In this study, we modified and used a late version o...

The Middle East encompasses five ecological domains: (1) the humid highlands and their intermontane valleys, where rainfed farming was begun and permanent settlements were first established; (2) the semi-arid steppes, where the lesser amount and instability of rainfall made rainfed farming marginal but still provided vegetative resources that could be utilized by semi-nomadic pastoralists; (3) ...

cots in the family Commeliaceae. The basic morphology of these plants appears to favor root-knot nematode development in aboveground plant parts. Leaves of both plants develop in the crown near the soil; they are large, 20-30 cm long, and densely arranged so that nematodes on younger leaves are protected from direct solar irradiation. The dense pubescent foliage, especially the convoluted young...

Radiocarbon dating of Late deposits has shown that erosion of old organic materials and their redeposition in younger sediments ages that are too old. Also, the humid climate and leaching pedogenic environment of much of Tasmania translocation humic acids down profile through porous sediments. The humic acids may then be perched by impermeable clay or may be adsorbed/ absorbed by older clay and...

This study looked at the influence of inspired air water content on exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB). On separate days, 12 mild asthmatics (4M, 8F), aged 18-39 yrs (mean: 27 yrs), performed four six minute steady-state exercises on ergometer at 80% of their maximum workload. Exercises were randomized to the following inspired air conditions: dry air (0% relative humidity (RH] during exercise...

Warmth, moisture, and constancy are the environmental factors responsible for the potentially high productivity of the humid tropical lowlands. Ironically, they are also the biome’s greatest ecological constraints to agriculture. Chemical weathering increases with temperature and is three to six times faster in the tropics than in the temperate zone (125, 250). This frequently leads to the deve...

A new type of integrated temperature and humidity sensor applying LTCC-technology (Low Temperature Cofired Ceramics) has been developed and characterized. The proposed device is based on the detection of the difference of thermal conductivity between water vapor and air. In this approach, sensing elements are implemented using heated metal resistors (Pt-elements), where one is exposed to the hu...

INTRODUCTION In any discussion of beef cattle production in a particular environment the matter of climatic adaptability is of prime consideration. Adaptation for beef cattle might be defined as the ability to reproduce, grow and thrive under local environmental conditions. Much has been written about the ability or inability of temperate zone breeds of cattle to adapt to hot, humid, subtropica...

Tanzania 2002 Summary The continued vicious cycle of population-poverty-and-environmental degradation has been acknowledged. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to draw attention to the serious consequences of land degradation, a national and trans-national socioeconomic complex problem, and the need for rehabilitating degraded lands in the sub-humid lands of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The ...

To investigate the effect of aging at 580 °C in wet air (humid aging) on the oxygen adsorption on the surface of SnO₂ particles, the electric properties and the sensor response to hydrogen in dry and humid atmospheres for SnO₂ resistive-type gas sensors were evaluated. The electric resistance in dry and wet atmospheres at 350 °C was strongly increased by humid aging. From the results of oxygen ...