Our study aimed to investigate the influence of tissue hypo-oxygenation on the adrenomedullin (ADM) system in vivo. For this purpose, male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to normobaric hypoxia (8% oxygen) or to functional anemia [0.1% carbon monoxide (CO)] or to cobalt chloride (60 mg/kg) for 6 h. Messenger RNA levels for ADM and its receptor (ADM-R) were assessed in diverse organs by RNase pr...

OBJECTIVES We sought to determine whether or not inhaled nitric oxide (NO) could improve hemodynamic function in patients with right ventricular myocardial infarction (RVMI) and cardiogenic shock (CS). BACKGROUND Inhaled NO is a selective pulmonary vasodilator that can decrease right ventricular afterload. METHODS Thirteen patients (7 males and 6 females, age 65 +/- 3 years) presenting with...

occupational inhalation exposure to noxious agents is not uncommon. herein, we present a 26-year-old male student who had accidental acute inhalation exposure to a large quantity of titanium ethanolate and hydrogen chloride in chemistry lab. he was referred to the emergency department of our hospital with low-grade fever, dyspnea, headache, fatigue and myalgia. after 24 hrs of symptomatic treat...

Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction (HPV) was first reported by Bindsley et al. in adult patients and was managed using double lumen catheters to ventilate one lung with 100% oxygen and the other with 95% N2 and 5% oxygen during intravenous barbiturate and fentanyl anesthesia. However, ‘‘HPV inhibition’’ has predominantly been attributed to the use of inhalation agents and is considered as a cau...

hypoxemia under certain conditions. However, the relationship between pulmonary anesthetic administration and HPV remains controversial. In conclusion, global effects of inhalation induction with sevoflurane at high concentrations may cause oxygen desaturation in lungs that are normally ventilated with 100% oxygen, potentially resulting in global inhibition of HPV. However, these conditions may...

Fluomine is a cobalt chelate compound which complexes molecular oxygen and releases it on heating. This property has led to its use a a regenerable oxygen source in high-altitude aircraft. Investigations into the acute effects of exposure to fluomine by various routes were undertaken as first steps in the toxicological characterization of the material. Single-dose rat and mouse oral administrat...

The effects of inhaled zinc oxide/hexachloroethane smoke (11,580 mg x min/m3) and intratracheally instilled zinc chloride (2.5 mg/kg body weight) have been studied in rat lung. The effects of subsequent treatment with 70% oxygen have been studied after both procedures. Both the inhalation of the smoke and instillation of zinc chloride produced similar effects that included pulmonary edema, alve...

Background Joint punctures in children require adequate analgesia, sedation or both. Suitable for this are intravenous sedatives (eg propofol, midazolam) and analgetics (eg, ketamine and fentanyl). The use of these substances is safe, but requires an intravenous line, monitoring and followup. Nitrous oxide/oxygen (N2O/O2) sedation has a long-standing history of safety and success. N2O/O2 has an...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the postoperative hemodynamic effects of nitroglycerin inhalation on patients with pulmonary hypertension undergoing mitral valve replacement surgery. METHODS Twenty patients who underwent mitral valve replacement surgery were included in the study. In the surgical intensive care unit, at T0 (before the inhalation of nitroglycerin), basal sy...

BACKGROUND Nitrous oxide, in a concentration of 50% or more, is a known cerebral vasodilator. This study investigated whether a lower dose (30%) of nitrous oxide would also increase cerebral blood flow. In addition, the authors wished to study whether the increase in cerebral blood flow was accompanied by an increase in cerebral metabolism. METHODS Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 3T ...