Given an electrical circuit each edge e of which is an isotropic conductor with a monomial conductivity function y∗ e = y r e/μ s e. In this formula, ye is the potential difference and y∗ e current in e, while μe is the resistance of e, while r and s are two strictly positive real parameters common for all edges. In 1987, Gvishiani and Gurvich [4] proved that, for every two nodes a, b of the ci...

To determine the physiological basis for the low glomerular filtration rate in chronic malnutrition, micropuncture studies were performed in Munich-Wistar rats chronically pair-fed isocaloric diets of either low (group 1, nine rats) or high protein content (group 2, nine rats). Despite the absence of hypoalbuminemia, average values for single nephron and total kidney glomerular filtration rate ...

Many ac quantized Hall resistance experiments have measured significant values of ac longitudinal resistances under temperature and magnetic field conditions in which the dc longitudinal resistance values were negligible. We investigate the effect of non-vanishing ac longitudinal resistances on measurements of the quantized Hall resistances by analyzing equivalent circuits of quantized Hall eff...

Functional responses of two closely related Dubautia species from a mosaic of Hawaiian bogs and wet forest were compared to help explain their differential distributions. Dubautia paleata is largely restricted to saturated bogs, while D. raillardioides is restricted to the surrounding, better-drained wet forest. Minimum diurnal tissue water potentials of D. paleata are significantly lower than ...

We look back over 50 years of research into the water relations of trees, with the objective of assessing the maturity of the topic in terms of the idea of a paradigm, put forward by Kuhn in 1962. Our brief review indicates that the physical processes underlying the calculation of transpiration are well understood and accepted, and knowledge of those processes can be applied if information abou...

Mycorrhizal soybean (Glycine max L. Merr. var. Harosoy-63) plants have lower resistances to water transport than nonmy-corrhizal plants after 4.5 weeks of growth. Although resistances of whole plants differ by 40%, there were no differences in the resistances of stems plus leaves, indicating that the major effect of the mycorrhizae was to reduce the resistance of the roots. Since the fungitoxic...