background: in neonatal intensive care units (nicu) different sound intensities and frequencies are produced from different sources, which may exert undesirable physiological effects on the infants. the aim of this study was to determine the noise level and its sources in the nicu and neonatal ward of al-zahra hospital of rasht, iran. methods: in this descriptive cross-sectional study, the inte...

meningitis is an acute inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, which are known as the meninges. this infection may be caused by streptococcus pneumonia bacteria. in this study, we presented the case of a female newborn with meningitis secondary to streptococcus pneumonia. her birth weight and height were normal. after 24 hours of birth, the neonate was diagn...

background noise at intensive care units (icu) has an adverse effect on patients and icu staff. there are some evidences that sleep, recovery from critical illness and average background noise in hospitals as recommended by the us environmental protection agency (epa) and world health organization (who) should not exceed 30 a-weighted decibel (dba) and peaks during night time should be less tha...

intreduction hospitals as main health care prouders have always received great aftention. and in hospitals , special attention ust be paid to the admission unit and its management and organization. the unit plays important role in the evaluation of the hospital. methods and materials it is a descriptive study in which nine inpatients admission units and six outpatient admission units were exami...

the immounological responses to s. aureus cell wall antigens, namely crude or whole cell, teichoic acid (ta) peptidoglycan prepared in conventional way (cpg), cell wall (cw), lipoteichoic acid (lta) were investigated by number of immunological methods e.g. ria, elisa, immunodiffusion and western blotting techniques.also a method for preparation of peptidoglycan (mpg) was modified and used as va...

results during january 2002 to december 2009, 213835 injured cases were admitted to the trauma unit. the number of attendants increased every year from 9.3% from the total cases in all study period in 2002 up to 15.3% in 2009 with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.000). young adults aged 20 - 29 years were the most common group affected by injuries (22.2%). male to female ratio was ...