A new transindian hydrographic section across 32 degrees S reveals that thermocline mode waters have become saltier and colder since 1987. This change almost entirely reverses the observed freshening of mode waters from the 1960s to 1987 that has been interpreted to be the result of anthropogenic climate change on the basis of coupled climate models. Here, we compare five hydrographic sections ...

A hydrographic data set was collected in winter 1997 as part of the “Deep Convection” Accelerated Research Initiative (ARI). These data — together with atmospheric forcing fields (K. Moore, University of Toronto) and hydrography collected the previous fall and following spring (A. Clarke, Bedford Institute of Oceanography) — are being analyzed together to investigate overturning in the Labrador...

s by authors outside the U.S. Geological Survey were reviewed and in some cases slightly revised following the workshop. Key issues addressed in the workshop include the following: (1) The configuration, areal extent, and temporal development of the chain of interconnected lakes which emptied into Death Valley during periods of the Pleistocene. (2) The development of Mojave River drainage in co...

Nano-microplankton biomass, mesozooplankton biomass and hydrographic features were measured with mesoscale spatial resolution during 3 surveys in the Bay of Biscay between March and June 2004. Regions of high plankton biomass were associated with mesoscale physical structures. Generalized additive models (GAMs) based upon surface salinity, surface temperature and stratification of the water col...

The present research work is dedicated to the opening of the data pool of hydrographic measurement networks to exchange information compliant to legal requirements (INSPIRE Directive, Water Framework Directive) based on standardized interfaces (OGC Sensor Observation Service – SOS) as well as their quality assurance. The prototype to validate our approach makes it possible to send requests by u...

This paper compares the performance of topographic analysis and binary analysis for recognition of digits in hydrographic maps. The performance of each method was measured by the correct classification rate of the final symbol recognition step when processing a complete hydrographic map of size 0.45× 0.6m with about 35,000 digits. The experimental results indicated that binary analysis had a be...

A meaningful hydrological network is critical to spatial analysis and modelling. ‘Meaningful’ in that it is topologically correct, provides a basis for modelling flow and differentiates between different types of water features. In Great Britain, large-scale digital mapping of hydrological features was captured from paper maps and had a cartographic emphasis that had poor attribution, and no un...

Two state-of-the-art profiling floats were equipped with novel optode-based oceanographic oxygen sensors. Both floats were simultaneously deployed in the central Labrador Sea Gyre on Sept. 7, 2003. They drift at a depth of 800 dbar and perform weekly profiles of temperature, salinity and oxygen in the upper 2000 m of the water column. The initial results from the first 6 months of operation are...

Two state-of-the-art profiling floats were equipped with novel optode-based oceanographic oxygen sensors. Both floats were simultaneously deployed in the central Labrador Sea gyre on 7 September 2003. They drift at a depth of 800 db and perform weekly profiles of temperature, salinity, and oxygen in the upper 2000 m of the water column. The initial results from the first 6 months of operation a...