We have previously shown that the pulmonary venoconstriction produced by a stable thromboxane A2 analogue (STAJ is attenuated by prostacyclin (PGIi), but PGI, increases the STA2-induced edema. The present study was designed to determine the effects of STA2 and PGI2 on the fluid balance in isolated blood-perfused newborn lamb lungs. Vascular permeability was evaluated by use of the fluid filtrat...

Models currently used to simulate the impact behaviour of polymeric foam at high strain rates use data from mechanical tests. Uniaxial compression is the most common mechanical test used, but the results from this test alone are insufficient to characterise the foam response to three-dimensional stress states. A new experimental apparatus for the study of the foam behaviour under a state of hyd...

SOME CONWJWENCX~ of a simple theoretical model for the stress-induced, isothermal phase transformation of an isolated tetragnnal zirconia crystal are studied. The transformation to a monoclinic state is viewed as mechanical buckling from one homogeneous geometrical configuration to another. The model is used to predict the manner in which an applied shear stress should interact with hydrostatic...

The effects of nonhydrostatic pressure on the morphology and stability gold nanorods (AuNRs) nanospheres (AuNSs) in 4:1 methanol–ethanol mixtures were studied by optical absorption spectroscopy transmission electron microscopy at pressures up to 23 30 GPa, respectively. Solvent solidification associated stresses found have a negligible effect shape size AuNSs. On contrary, while AuNRs maintaine...

Our previous studies have shown that hydrostatic pressure can serve as an active regulator for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). The current work further investigates the roles of cytoskeletal regulatory proteins Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) and Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) in hydrostatic pressure-related effects on BMSCs. Flow cytometry assays showed t...

The effect of overpressure on gas hydrate and free gas distribution in marine sediments is studied using a one-dimensional numerical model that couples sedimentation, fluid flow, and gas hydrate formation. Natural gas hydrate systems are often characterized by high sedimentation rates and/or low permeability sediments, which can lead to pore pressure higher than hydrostatic (overpressure). To q...

Vascular endothelial cells are exposed to a variety of in vivo mechanical forces, specifically, shear stress for the blood flow, tensile stress from the compliance of the vessel wall and the hydrostatic pressure from containment of blood within inside the vasculature. Many authors studied hemodynamic, functional and morphological human saphenous veins alterations caused by these different force...

In response to various stress stimuli, heat shock genes are induced to express heat shock proteins (Hsps). Previous studies have revealed that expression of heat shock genes is regulated both at transcriptional and posttranscriptional level, and the rapid transcriptional induction of heat shock genes involves activation of the specific transcription factor, heat shock factor 1 (HSF1). Furthermo...

Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2α is considered to play a major role in the progression of osteoarthritis. Recently, it was reported that pressure amplitude influences HIF-2α expression in murine endothelial cells. We examined whether hydrostatic pressure is involved in expression of HIF-2α in articular chondrocytes. Chondrocytes were cultured and stimulated by inflammation or hydrostatic press...

The preferential association of cholesterol and sphingolipids within plasma membranes forms organized compartments termed lipid rafts. Addition of caveolin proteins to this lipid milieu induces the formation of specialized invaginated plasma membrane structures called caveolae. Both lipid rafts and caveolae are purported to function in vesicular transport and cell signaling. We and others have ...