Studies of aquatic prey capture in vertebrates have demonstrated remarkable convergence in kinematics between diverse vertebrate taxa. When feeding in water, most vertebrates employ large-amplitude hyoid depression to expand the oral cavity and suck in water along with the prey. In contrast, vertebrates feeding on land exhibit little or no hyoid depression. In this study we compared the kinemat...

BACKGROUND Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the hyoid bone sometimes induces severe front neck infection and can cause laryngeal stenosis and carotid rupture. Although ORN of the hyoid bone is known to be a complication of chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancer, there has been no basis for its evaluation. Our purpose is to present the clinical and MR imaging features of ORN of the hyoid bone. ...

Superior thyroid artery (STA) is first and lowest branch of external carotid (ECA) it supplies thyroid, parathyroid, upper larynx neck region. The STA origins either from ECA, common (CCA) or its bifurcation level. Various researchers have reported differences in origin. commencing the ECA comparatively more Indian Ethiopian but derivation CCA point Turkey Korean. Origin relative to border cart...

Solving the evolutionary relationships of the acanthodians is one of the key problems in reconstructing ancestral anatomical conditions for the jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes). Current debate concerns whether acanthodians are an assemblage of stem chondrichthyans, or a more generalized grade encompassing some early stem osteichthyans. The skull anatomy of Acanthodes bronni has been pivotal in ...

OBJECTIVE (1) To test the hypothesis that there are no developmental changes in the pharyngeal airway depth and hyoid bone position from childhood to adulthood in normal Taiwanese persons, (2) to identify any sexual dimorphism, and (3) to find the predictive value of selective variables for the hyoid bone position. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 239 normal Taiwanes...

We report the first case of dislocation of the symphysis between the great cornu and the body of the hyoid bone following strangulation in survivors. The present paper presents a rare case of injury to the hyoid bone and reviews the current knowledge on hyoid bone injuries in survivors.

Multi-site collapse of the upper airway in sleep-related breathing disorders can be treated with multilevel surgery. Multilevel surgery is defined as simultaneous interventions at two or more levels of the upper respiratory tract. The aim of the present study is to analyse long-term complications of multi-level surgery with or without hyoid suspension. A group of 192 patients with multilevel su...

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can be a serious and potentially fatal breathing disorder if left untreated leading to heart arrhythmias, heart failure, high blood pressure, stroke and diabetes [1-5]. This disorder causes a person to experience pauses in breathing due to collapse or blockage of the upper airway during sleep [3,5]. The true cause of OSA can be one or a multiple of the following: t...

Hyoid bone is a solitary bone localized at the level of cervical 3 vertebrae, connected to the adjacent bone structures with muscles and tendons. Anatomical variations of hyoid bone can cause difficulties in the application of forensic medicine together with clinical and surgical problems. We present a case of a 81-year-old woman, reported to got sick, who died at home. In the autopsy, the neck...