A 31-year-old woman presented with chest discomfort in the 22nd week of pregnancy. She had been treated with an intravenous infusion of ritodrine hydrochloride (0.25 mg/min) for preterm labor the prior day. On physical examination, the body temperature was 36.3°C, the blood pressure was 117/68 mmHg, the pulse was 96 beats/min, and the respiratory rate was 20 breaths/min. Electrocardiography (EC...

Burmese is an old and popular cat breed, however, several health concerns, such as hypokalemia and a craniofacial defect, are prevalent, endangering the general health of the breed. Hypokalemia, a subnormal serum potassium ion concentration ([K(+)]), most often occurs as a secondary problem but can occur as a primary problem, such as hypokalaemic periodic paralysis in humans, and as feline hypo...

We describes a patient with hypokalemia-induced rhabdomyolysis due to primary aldosteronism (PA), who suffered from slowly progressive muscle weakness after laparoscopic adrenalectomy, and was later diagnosed with coexisting sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM). A 54-year-old Asian male presented with severe muscle weakness of both lower extremities. Laboratory findings showed profound hypok...

The main causes of hypokalemia are usually evident in the clinical history of patients, with previous episodes of vomiting, diarrhea or diuretic use. However, in some patients the cause of hypokalemia can become a challenge. In such cases, two major components of the investigation must be performed: assessment of urinary excretion potassium and the acid-base status. This article presents a case...

Hypokalemia is one of the most commonly encountered fluid and electrolyte abnormalities in clinical medicine. It can be an asymptomatic finding identified only on routine electrolyte screening, or it can be associated with symptoms ranging from mild weakness to sudden death. The correction of hypokabemia can be simple, but if inappropriately performed can lead to worsening symptoms, and even de...

BACKGROUND Differential diagnosis of hypokalemia and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-dependent Cushing's syndrome often presents challenging in endocrinology and requires careful clinical, biochemical, radiological, and pathological investigations. Hypokalemia is a common abnormality and systematic approach is required to avoid delays in diagnosis of important underlying causes. CASE SUMMA...

Magnesium deficiency is frequently associated with hypokalemia. Concomitant magnesium deficiency aggravates hypokalemia and renders it refractory to treatment by potassium. Herein is reviewed literature suggesting that magnesium deficiency exacerbates potassium wasting by increasing distal potassium secretion. A decrease in intracellular magnesium, caused by magnesium deficiency, releases the m...

Imbalance of sodium and potassium in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) is not uncommon. Sodium is the major extracellular cation; however, its concentrations are mainly affected by water balance, as well as sodium balance. Potassium is the major intracellular cation, and serum potassium concentrations are very low, compared with its intracellular components. Hyponatremia and hypokalemia are ...