The Cloud Ocean phenomenon in the Hyrcanian Forests, listed UNESCO World Heritage List, is one of most stunning yet lesser-known ecotourism destinations that has recently attracted attention adventure tours. However, increasing number ecotourists visiting these sites expected to threaten sensitive ecosystem sites. Therefore, this study aims conceptualize sustainable behaviors for off-road fores...

Chestnut-leaved oak (Quercus castaneifolia C. A. Mey) is one of the most important native oaks of Iran distributed in the Hyrcanian Forests. The pure and mixed stands of it cover about 6.5% of these forests. The species represents morphological variations which have resulted in the description of several infraspecific taxa by different authors. Eight taxa were recognized as subspecies and varie...

The operating hourly cost of the machine is a suitable factor to analyze the cost fluctuation certain machinery in a changing environment and to find of economically feasible work concepts for the studied machine system. This paper, which is based on studies carried out in northern forests of IR-Iran, analyzed and compared costs of four skidding and excavation machines used in timber harvesting...

the present study was carried out during a one year period in 2012-2013 in order to investigation of seasonal density and diversity of diplopoda in a hyrcanian forest (semeskandeh forest) in northern iran. for these purpose, some forest soil sampling were done in two mounth intervals and the samples were collected from leaf litter (ol,f,h), the 0-3 cm and 3-6 cm of soil layer (ah). a total of 7...