Whether and how toxin-mediated interactions contribute to diversity generation and maintenance has been a long-standing puzzle. A recent theoretical work has demonstrated that the interplay between antibiotic production and degradation can robustly maintain coexistence of several microbial strains with different antibiotic production and resistance capabilities. The questions, however, remain w...

Abstract This study assessed, in monetary terms, the ecosystem services provided by trees growing public parks and garden squares Warsaw, Poland. It focused on valuation of two services: air purification (measured as an annual benefit stream EUR/year) carbon storage a fixed value at given point time EUR). The was conducted using Avoided Cost Method with i-Tree Eco software. initial calculations...

Chronic airways infection and inflammation are leading causes of morbidity and mortality in chronic lung diseases (CLD). Pulmonary exacerbations are major causes of morbidity in CLD. Exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) is a product of endogenous metabolic processes whose presence in exhaled breath is considered an index of inflammatory processes. Objective. To evaluate carbon monoxide (eCO) as inflam...

We study the limiting distribution of the degree of a given node in a scaled attachment random recursive tree, a generalized random recursive tree, which is introduced by Devroye et. al (2011). In a scaled attachment random recursive tree, every node $i$ is attached to the node labeled $lfloor iX_i floor$ where $X_0$, $ldots$ , $X_n$ is a sequence of i.i.d. random variables, with support in [0,...

Osteogenesis imperfecta (01) is a heterogeneous disorder of type I collagen of which OI type I, an autosomal dominant condition, is the mildest and most common form. Affected individuals have blue sclerae, normal stature, bone fragility without significant deformity and osteopenia. Fibroblasts from most affected individuals produce about half the expected amount of structurally normal type I co...

we study the limiting distribution of the degree of a given node in a scaled attachment random recursive tree, a generalized random recursive tree, which is introduced by devroye et. al (2011). in a scaled attachment random recursive tree, every node $i$ is attached to the node labeled $lfloor ix_i floor$ where $x_0$, $ldots$ , $x_n$ is a sequence of i.i.d. random variables, with support in [0,...

Arboreal marsupials play an essential role in ecosystem function including regulating insect and plant populations, facilitating pollen and seed dispersal and acting as a prey source for higher-order carnivores in Australian environments. Primarily, research has focused on their biology, ecology and response to disturbance in forested and urban environments. We used presence-only species distri...

Trees provide multiple ecosystem services (ES) and are generally considered an important natural-based approach for climate change adaptation mitigation. In urban areas, proper pruning practices can help enhance ES provided by trees, but in areas with issues of typhoons or storms, routinely intensive may reduce ES. Therefore, it is critical to determine intensity balancing the provision life/pr...