This paper presents an overview of spatial indexing mechanisms and their implementation in a more general framework, as the one provided by Computer-aided Design systems. It is expected that such mechanisms play an important role in the context of so-called ICAD systems, providing a more rational and efficient management of geometric data. Benefitting from the object-oriented programming concep...

DNA fragmentation is a hallmark of cells undergoing apoptosis and is mediated mainly by the caspase-activated DNase (CAD or DNA-fragmentation factor 40 [DFF40]), which is activated when released from its inhibitor protein (ICAD or DFF45) upon apoptosis signals. Here we analyzed the effect of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) on CAD activity in T-cell receptor (TCR)-induced apoptosis using a T-cell ...

BACKGROUND Incidence rates for internal carotid artery dissection (ICAD) have been reported to be 2.6 to 2.9 per 100,000, but reliable epidemiologic data for vertebral artery dissection (VAD) are not available. OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence rate of cervical artery dissection (CAD) in a defined population. METHODS With IRB approval, we used the medical record linkage system of the Roc...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE There are only few small studies assessing potential risk factors, comorbidity, and prognostic factors in adult spontaneous cervicocerebral artery dissection (CAD). METHODS We conducted a retrospective, hospital-based analysis on the prognostic factors and association of CAD with vascular risk factors in 301 consecutive Finnish patients, diagnosed from 1994 to 2007. R...

This chapter presents an extension of conformal prediction for anomaly detection applications. It includes the presentation and discussion of the Conformal Anomaly Detector (CAD) and the computationally more efficient Inductive Conformal Anomaly Detector (ICAD), which are general algorithms for unsupervised or semi-supervised and offline or online anomaly detection. One of the key properties of...

A major breakthrough in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease has been revealed by scientists at the Alzheimer’s Association International Conference on Alzheimer’s Disease (ICAD 2008) in Chicago, Illinois. An international clinical trial sponsored by TauRx Therapeutics has indicated for the first time that it appears to be possible to substantially reduce the progression of Alzheimer’s by targe...

The heterodimeric DNA fragmentation factor (DFF) is responsible for DNA degradation into nucleosomal units during apoptosis. This process needs the caspase-dependent release of ICAD/DFF-45, the inhibitory subunit of DFF. Here we report that triggering apoptosis via a hyperosmotic shock in hematopoietic cells causes the appearance of mitochondrial and cytosolic alterations, activation of caspase...

BACKGROUND Internal carotid artery dissection (ICAD) is a frequent cause of a stroke in young patients. Risk factors which can lead to dissection include neck injury and diseases of the inner wall of the artery. Common symptoms in ICAD are cervical pain and headache, Horner's syndrome, paralysis of the cranial nerves and subsequently cerebral and retinal ischemia. MR angiography in TOF techniqu...