Adult neural stem/precursor cells (NSPCs) of the subventricular zone (SVZ) are an endogenous source for neuronal replacement in CNS disease. However, adult neurogenesis is compromised after brain injury in favor of a glial cell fate, which is mainly attributed to changes in the NSPC environment. Yet, it is unknown how this unfavorable extracellular environment translates into a transcriptional ...

Learning from data with test cost and misclassification cost has been a hot topic in data mining. Many algorithms have been proposed to induce decision trees for this purpose. This paper studies a number of such algorithms and presents a competition strategy to obtain trees with lower cost. First, we generate a population of decision trees using λ-ID3 and EG2 algorithms through considering info...

The overwhelming increase in the global incidence of obesity and its associated complications such as insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, pulmonary disease, and degenerative disorders including dementia constitutes a serious public health problem. The Inhibitor of DNA Binding/Differentiation-3 (ID3), a member of the ID family of transcriptional regulators, has been shown to play a role in adip...

We have examined the effect of adenovirus-mediated expression of bone morphogenic protein-7 (BMP-7) and inhibitors of differentiation 2 and 3 (Id2 and Id3) on injury-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of lens epithelium in mice. Id2 and Id3 are known to be upregulated by BMP-7 and to antagonize Smad2/3 signaling. The Cre-LoxP system adenoviral gene transfer was used. Three micro...

Understanding the mechanisms that regulate cell cycle progression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is key to understanding and modulating vascular lesion formation. Results of the present study provide the first evidence that phosphorylation of the helix-loop-helix factor Id3 in VSMCs occurs in vitro and in vivo and provides a regulatory switch controlling Id3-induced regulation of p21Ci...

Members of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily are likely to have major roles in the regulation of tissue and vascular remodelling in the corpus luteum (CL). There are four inhibitor-of-differentiation (ID1-4) genes that are regulated by members of the TGF-β superfamily and are involved in the transcriptional regulation of cell growth and differentiation. We studied their expre...

AIMS We previously identified association between the ID3 SNP rs11574 and carotid intima-media thickness in the Diabetes Heart Study, a predominantly White diabetic population. The nonsynonymous SNP rs11574 results in an amino acid substitution in the C-terminal region of ID3, attenuating the dominant negative function of ID3 as an inhibitor of basic HLH factor E12-mediated transcription. In th...

The purpose of this study was to determine the steps implementing a system identify personality an early childhood and effect identification on increasing child's potential their interests talents. In developing expert system, authors use development method with including data collection, analysis, design, due diligence, program evaluation implementation. Based calculations using ID3 algorithm ...

The chick homologue of the helix-loop-helix gene Id3 was isolated, and its expression pattern was analyzed during early stages of chick development. Chick Id3 is dynamically expressed in the olfactory, lens, and otic placodes. It is also observed in the epiphysis, nephric primordium, stomodeum, dermomyotome, distal branchial arches, dorsolateral hindbrain, foregut endoderm, dorsal spinal cord, ...

RATIONALE B cells contribute to atherosclerosis through subset-specific mechanisms. Whereas some controversy exists about the role of B-2 cells, B-1a cells are atheroprotective because of secretion of atheroprotective IgM antibodies independent of antigen. B-1b cells, a unique subset of B-1 cells that respond specifically to T-cell-independent antigens, have not been studied within the context ...