The paper is devoted to the solution of two well-known paradoxes inductive logic: Hempel’s and Goodman’s, which science has not solved unambiguously yet. results this research can be used in any natural science, but they are especially relevant for areas where there an emphasis placed on environmental friendliness sustainable development. central problem limits applying classical logic laws. by...

An algorithmic framework that identifies irrelevant data (i.e., data thatmay be ignoredwithout any loss of optimality) at agents of a sequential team is presented. This framework relies on capturing the properties of a sequential team that do not depend on the specifics of state spaces, the probability law, the system dynamics, or the cost functions. To capture these properties the notion of a ...

Physics problems cannot in general be solved by methods of deductive search in which the laws of physics are stated as axioms. In solving a real physics problem, it is necessary to treat the problem as a "nearly decomposable system" and to design a method of analysis which accounts for the salient factors in the problem while ignoring insignificant factors. The analysis method which is chosen w...

In the so-called real world, any given process occurs simultaneously with a myriad of other processes. All these processes take place on a continuum of mass, energy and time (the world). All things in this continuum are interlinked in some way. Defining a process as such is in itself already an act of abstraction. One way to study a process is to split it into three entities: the observer, the ...

“We always reason correctly when we apply to an object only ideas extracted from its own nature; but, on the contrary, we fall in all kinds of errors in persisting to conclude before knowing, and to know before having examined.....When the object is material and, ignoring the size and form of its elementary parts, as well as the laws that the Author of Nature has prescribed for them, we want no...

Rural tourism today is one of the new and actively developing types in Russia. Due to political epidemiological factors, approach choosing a place rest has changed many modern tourists prefer travel around Russia, getting acquainted with geographical, agro-industrial, gastronomic, ethno-cultural characteristics rural areas. The article analyzes state legal regulation at present stage. Program d...

Disabled people are subject to disability laws – such as guardianship, mental health and capacity legislation which only apply them, enable legal violence on the basis of (‘disability-specific lawful violence’). While public during COVID-19 pandemic enabled coercive interventions in general population, disabled have additionally been continued, at times intensified, operation their violence. In...