It is widely appreciated that the isotype of the H chain of the Ab molecule influences its functional properties. We have now investigated the contribution of the isotype of the L chain to the structural and functional properties of the Ab molecule. In these studies, the L chain variable region of a murine anti-dansyl Ab was joined to either human kappa or lambda constant region domains and exp...

Immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) class switch recombination (CSR) replaces the initially expressed IgH Cmu exons with a set of downstream IgH constant region (C(H)) exons. Individual sets of C(H) exons are flanked upstream by long (1-10-kb) repetitive switch (S) regions, with CSR involving a deletional recombination event between the donor Smu region and a downstream S region. Targeting CSR to ...

Pig immunoglobulins The pig immunoglobulin system has now been well characterized and has been the subject of two recent reviews (Bourne, 1971a; Porter & Allen, 1972). Three immunoglobulin classes are recognized which on the basis of their physicochemical properties and antigenic relationships may be regarded as analogous to human IgG, IgM and IgA. Some of the properties of pig immunoglobulins ...

The addition of TGF-beta to cultures of LPS-stimulated murine B cells causes a approximately 10-fold enhancement of IgA production, yet causes a 10-fold decrease in total Ig production. IL-2 and, to a lesser extent, IL-5 synergize with TGF-beta to further enhance IgA production and partially reverse the inhibition of total Ig production. IgA constitutes only approximately 0.1% of total Ig in LP...

Over recent years it has become increasingly apparent that mucosal antibodies are not only restricted to the IgM and IgA isotypes, but that also other isotypes and particularly IgG can be found in significant quantities at some mucosal surfaces, such as in the genital tract. Their role is more complex than traditionally believed with, among other things, the discovery of novel function of mucos...

A human reference serum pool, lot 89-S, has been developed for use in quantitating concentrations of antibody to Streptococcus pneumoniae. Weight-based units have been assigned to antibodies to 11 pneumococcal polysaccharide (PnPs) serotypes (1, 3, 4, 5, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F, and 23F) by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methodology and a human standard reference serum, USNRP IS 1644....

One IgG1(kappa), one IgM(kappa), and one IgA1(kappa) monoclonal (M)-component were purified from one human serum. Rabbit antisera were raised against the IgG and IgM M-components and were absorbed until specific for idiotypic determinants on these molecules. All three M-components gave reactions of immunological identity when tested by double radial immunodiffusion with either of the two idioty...

Anti-glycan antibodies are an abundant subpopulation of serum antibodies with critical functions in many immune processes. Changes in the levels of these antibodies can occur with the onset of disease, exposure to pathogens, or vaccination. As a result, there has been significant interest in exploiting anti-glycan antibodies as biomarkers for many diseases. Serum contains a mixture of anti-glyc...

Plasmodium falciparum and Schistosoma mansoni are often found in human coinfections, and cross-reactive antibodies to different components of the two parasites have been detected. In this work, we identified a cross-reactive S. mansoni gene product, referred to as SmLRR, that seems to belong to the leucine-rich repeat protein family. Comparative analysis of SmLRR revealed 57% similarity with a ...