OBJECTIVE To illustrate the use of a new method for defining the catchment areas of health-care facilities based on their utilization. METHODS The catchment areas of six health-care facilities in Uganda were determined using the cumulative case ratio: the ratio of the observed to expected utilization of a facility for a particular condition by patients from small administrative areas. The cum...

[ I ] This study uses time series analysis to examine long-term stream water nitrate concentration records from a pair of forested catchments at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, North Carolina, USA. Monthly average concentrations were available from 1970 through 1997 for two forested catchments, one of which was clear-felled in 1977 and the other maintained as a control. The time series were ...

Catchment management requires modelling for compliance, investigation, understanding, knowledge capture, and informing decisions. The nature of the problems is variable, ranging across scales both temporally and spatially, including discrete events, long term averages, daily and seasonal dynamics, point and spatial estimates and total catchment outputs. These requirements have spawned a variety...

benthic macroinvertebrates in river are useful indicators for adverse impacts on the catchment and river ecosystems. these organisms integrate many ecological processes in catchment scale. in this study several single and multi metric biotic indices were used based on macroinvertebrates in order to evaluate the water quality of jajrood river. macroinvertebrates as well as water samples were col...

In this paper, the modeling is based on division of the catchment into a grid mesh. Each cell has a unique response function independent of the functioning of other cells Summation of the flow responses from the cells, result the flow hydrograph from this area basin.A method is presented to simulation the flow hydrograph within a river basin using the hydrological model WetSpa. WetSpa is a GIS-b...