This article explains the level of economic freedom in Muslim countries through the theory of institutional path dependency. Islamic countries are generally not free and they have a poor record regarding property rights. To explain these realities we use the institutional history of Muslim countries. We define three steps: the Arab and Ottoman Empires when Islamic law was of great importance, E...

This article explains the level of economic freedom in Muslim countries through the theory of institutional path dependency. Islamic countries are generally not free and they have a poor record regarding property rights. To explain these realities we use the institutional history of Muslim countries. We define three steps: the Arab and Ottoman Empires when Islamic law was of great importance, E...

Describing the Islamic financial system simply as 'interest-free' does not do justice to the system. Promotion of entrepreneurship, preservation of property rights, transparency and the sanctity of contractual obligations, which are crucial to any sound financial system, describe its essence. Today, Islamic financial and banking activities have reached an impressive size of over US$250bn, as co...

This article explains the level of economic freedom in Muslim countries through the theory of institutional path dependency. Islamic countries are generally not free and they have a poor record regarding property rights. To explain these realities we use the institutional history of Muslim countries. We define three steps: the Arab and Ottoman Empires when Islamic law was of great importance, E...

This article reviews the breadth of influence Arabic on languages Nusantara, from early arrival Islam in archipelago to modern era. Focusing both linguistics and culture, we pay attention precolonial exchanges, regional – particular Bima, Sasak, Javanese, Sundanese, Bugis recent Islamic culture development technological products, financial systems, lifestyles contemporary Indonesia. From era er...

This article explains the level of economic freedom in Muslim countries through the theory of institutional path dependency. Islamic countries are generally not free and they have a poor record regarding property rights. To explain these realities we use the institutional history of Muslim countries. We define three steps: the Arab and Ottoman Empires when Islamic law was of great importance, E...

the city of tabriz was one of the most important and historical cities of iran which had a pre-islamic background. this city was one of the main center of azarbayjan in the most historical era and it had been capital in some era like ilkhanian, gharaghoyonlu, agh ghoyonlu and even early of safavi era. historical background and continuous efforts residents of tabriz cause to infrastructure some ...