Coherent large-scale circulations of turbulent thermal convection in air have been studied experimentally in a rectangular box heated from below and cooled from above using Particle Image Velocimetry. The hysteresis phenomenon in turbulent convectionwas found by varying the temperature difference between the bottom and the top walls of the chamber (the Rayleigh number was changed within the ran...

Children suffering from acute rheumatic fever are usually treated with the hormone preparations, cortisone and A.C.T.H., or with salicylates. Almost always symptoms are rapidly alleviated and clinical signs of activity subside. In a number of cases discontinuance of treatment when the disease process seems to be quiescent is followed by an apparent recrudescence. This feature has become known a...

MONG the early investigators of hemolytic substances were Casper and Hoppe’ who in 1859 observed the brown coloration of blood due to nitrobenzene. Since then there has been a continued interest in the action of such toxic materials on the formed elements of the blood. The accelerated development of synthetic organic chemistry during the latter half of the i9th Century created numerous industri...

IgA nephropathy is the most common cause of idiopathic glomerulonephritis in the developed world. Although this disorder was initially thought to follow a benign course, it is now recognized that slow progression to end-stage renal disease occurs in up to 50% of affected patients. The two major clinical presentations of IgA nephropathy are gross hematuria and persistent asymptomatic microscopic...

Lucio’s leprosy, a non-nodular form of lepromatous leprosy, appears as uniform diffuse shiny infiltration of the entire skin. Lucio’s Phenomenon, described by Lucio and Alvarado andreported mainly in Mexico and South America, is an rare unusual ulcerative immune complex mediated vasculitis occurring in patients of non-nodular form of leprosy. Here we report a case of Lucio’s phenomenon in a 65 ...

Koebner phenomenon indicates the newly appearance of isomorphic lesions at the sites of mechanically stimulated or injured skin. This phenomenon can be seen in various inflammatory, auto-immune, viral, fibrotic, and even tumoral disorders. Also, rheumatic diseases such as lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) often present with cutaneous manifestations with isomorp...

1- introduction despite of technology progressives, natural hazards caused damage of world cities propertys and life, part of the damages related to adequate uncognition response to natural hazards. the dust natural hazard occurrence has attracted public attention in the recent years. nonrecieption and attention to the natural hazards not only affected society economic, but also affected differ...