Possible cause of an abrupt warming in winter mean surface air temperature in the midlatitudes of the Northern Hemisphere in the late 1980s is investigated using observation and reanalysis data. To determine the timing of abrupt warming, we use a regime shift index based on detection of the largest significant differences between the mean values of two contiguous periods. Results show that the ...

Decadal sea level variability of the Indian Ocean is studied using long-term tide gauge observations 17 stations. The existence close association between and global decadal climate modes, such as Pacific Oscillation (PDO) and/or Atlantic Multidecadal (AMO) revealed in most data sets. An anti-phase evolution with PDO index identified regions west coast India, east India western Australia. Moreov...

In s coordinates, a variable f e(x, y, s, t) whose horizontal gradient 2=f e is equal to the irrotational part of the horizontal pressure gradient force is referred to as an equivalent isobaric geopotential height. Its inner part can be derived from the solution of a Poisson equation with zero Dirichlet boundary value. Because 2=f (x, y, p, t) is also the irrotational part of the horizontal pre...

The effective patterns and mechanisms of synoptic systems during the wet and dry spells in Midwest of Iran(MWI) analyzed and discussed on seasonal scales from 1974 to 2003. Synoptic Analysis is based on synoptic chartson Sea Level Pressure (SLP), 850 and 500 Hpa levels. The results of synoptic analysis show that dry spells in MWIare mostly corresponded to Azores High (AZH) intensifying and its ...

Abstract Arctic cyclones are a fundamental component of climate, influencing atmospheric heat and moisture transport into the region surface energy, moisture, momentum fluxes. can also drive changes in sea ice energize ocean waves. Here we investigate record low level pressure (SLP) cyclone which formed East Greenland tracked NE over Barents Kara seas between 21 27 January 2022. At its peak int...

The North Pacific Oscillation (NPO) in sea level pressure and its upper-air geopotential height signature, the west Pacific (WP) teleconnection pattern, constitute a prominent mode of winter midlatitude variability, the NPO/WP. Its mature-phase expression is identified from principal component analysis of monthly sea level pressure variability as the second leading mode just behind the Pacific–...

<span lang="EN-US">Monsoon rainfall prediction over a small geographic region is indeed challenging task. This paper uses monthly means of climate variables, namely air temperature (AT), sea surface (SST), and level pressure (SLP) the globe, to predict seasonal summer monsoon state Maharashtra, India. Mutual information correlates from grid 10</span><span lang="EN-US">°</sp...

Abstract The Pacific Walker circulation (WC) is a major component of the global climate system. It connects sea surface temperature (SST) variability to variabilities from other ocean basins mid- and high latitudes. Previous studies indicated that ENSO-related atmospheric feedback, in particular, wind response largely underestimated AMIP CMIP models. In this study, we further investigate respon...

As a large-scale ocean–atmosphere coupling system in the Southern Hemisphere, Antarctic Circumpolar Wave (ACW) greatly impacts global climate. However, interdecadal variation of ACW has rarely been studied due to lack long-term data. In this research, latest 20th Century Reanalysis Version 3 dataset is used analyze variations sea level pressure (SLP) and surface temperature (SST) signals during...

Interannual extremes in New Zealand rainfall and their modulation by modes of Southern Hemisphere climate variability are examined in observations and a coupled climate model. North Island extreme dry (wet) years are characterized by locally increased (reduced) sea level pressure (SLP), cold (warm) sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the southern Tasman Sea and to the north of the island...