Painting and drawing are the most basic, natural, direct and psychological interesting forms of expression and communication with oneself and with the others. For some patients, like shisophrenic patients, the artistic expression can be a more suitable form of communication than the use of words. The paper on which the patient draws or paints can be the first external material to contain the pa...

The current study investigates the universality of Schwartz and Bilsky’s theory pertaining to value types and ascertains whether the value preferences of American, Indian and Japanese students adhere to Triandis individualist-collectivist value types. The current study employs Schwartz and Bilsky's 56-value scale to obtain a measure of preference for traditionally individualistic, collectivist ...

the main objective of this paper is to argue how the mobile phones have transformed the iranian lifestyle and how the arrival of mobiles has been a catalyst for revolting behavior, and has launched a new consumer behavior and has changed our relationships. the paper explains how the people's behavior has developed a whole new social code in iran. it is argued that the social value of being able...

OBJECTIVES Evidence based patient choice seems based on a strong liberal individualist interpretation of patient autonomy; however, not all patients are in favour of such an interpretation. The authors wished to assess whether ideals of autonomy in clinical practice are more in accordance with alternative concepts of autonomy from the ethics literature. This paper describes the development of a...

The present study investigates academic stress in two different cultures, the Iranian as a collectivist culture, and the Swedish as an individualist culture. A total of 616 university students (312 Iranian and 304 Swedish) participated in the study. The results show that Swedish students experience more academic stress than Iranian students. Academic stress was found to be related to difficulti...

Objectives: Evidence based patient choice seems based on a strong liberal individualist interpretation of patient autonomy; however, not all patients are in favour of such an interpretation. The authors wished to assess whether ideals of autonomy in clinical practice are more in accordance with alternative concepts of autonomy from the ethics literature. This paper describes the development of ...