This paper investigates the information freshness of Industrial Internet Things (IIoT) systems, where each IoT device makes a partial observation common target and transmits update to central receiver recover complete observation. We consider age collection (AoC) performance as measure freshness. Unlike conventional (AoI) metric, instantaneous AoC decreases only when all cooperative packets for...

BACKGROUND Populations neighboring industrial complexes are at an increased health risk, due to constant exposure to various potentially hazardous compounds released during industrial production activity. Although there are many previous studies that focus on occupational exposure to heavy metals, studies that focused on environmental exposure to lead and cadmium are relatively rare. The purpos...

Introduction As the whole society is experiencing a notable shift from the industrial age to the information age, an urgent need for a mindset change in education has been frequently discussed during the past decades. This paper will approach the mindset change through three interconnected sections: the first section reviews the conceptualization of mindset and then gives our definition of mind...

The potential of pastoral land use to create positive environmental, economic, and social outcomes is constrained by a “way seeing” people through the eyes Modernity mechanical determinism. That ontology compounded reinforced positivism, associated hierarchical dis-integrated epistemology around culture:nature nexus – including what seen as “objective” science technology driving practise. Both ...

IT compliance is one of the hottest issues in IT and technology management fields. The purpose of this paper is to provide a common framework for IT compliance. First, a review on the compliance age is provided. Second, the characteristics of business records communicated via industrial information systems are described shortly. Finally, an IT compliance framework is suggested. The framework of...

This study was designed to estimate the prevalence and personal or family history of atopic dermatitis in school children in 3 areas of Korea: urban (Seoul), industrial (Ulsan) and rural (Chunchon). On the basis of dermatologists' physical examinations and the questionnaires completed by parents or guardians, the prevalence of atopic dermatitis was estimated to be 3.3% in the industrial area, 6...

Societies before the Industrial Revolution were dependent on the annual cycle of plant photosynthesis for both heat and mechanical energy. The quantity of energy available each year was therefore limited, and economic growth was necessarily constrained. In the Industrial Revolution, energy usage increased massively and output rose accordingly. The energy source continued to be plant photosynthe...