While the last 2 decades have seen major advances and novel treatments for infl am-matory arthritides, treatments for osteoar-thritis (OA) have not advanced. Meanwhile, OA represents a huge problem for both individuals and health economies, with the OA burden rising quickly in ageing Western societies. Recent evidence-based guidelines provide a range of options for pain relief, 1 2 often associ...

Under the conditions of a chronic methionine diet (daily addition amino acids to food (0.15 g/100 g) and water (1% solution)) during 2–12 weeks, dynamics liver tests, infl ammatory changes in blood lipids was monitored. It found that (MD) leads, starting from 4 weeks MD, medium hyperhomocysteinemia, an increase enzymes (AsAT – 1.73, AlAT 1.5 times, p<0.05) bilirubin (by 62.25%), which indica...

1Rheumatology Section, Lincoln Medical and Mental Health Center, New York; 2Department of Immunobiology and 3Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA; 4Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Padova, Italy; 5Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University, Rome, Italy; 6Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric...

It is estimated that at least 50 million people in the United States suff er from chronic pain conditions while an additional 25 million people suff er from acute pain [1]. Pain aff ects patient quality of life and is a major reason for healthcare utilization [2], accounting for 20% of outpatient visits and 12% of all prescriptions [3]. Nonsteroidal anti-infl ammatory drugs (NSAIDs) remain a ma...

cosmos caudatus is widely used as a traditional medicine in southeast asia. c. caudatus has been reported as a rich source of bioactive  compounds such as ascorbic acid, quercetin, and chlorogenic acid. studies have shown that c. caudatus exhibits high antioxidant capacity and various medicinal properties, including anti-diabetic activity, anti-hypertensive properties, anti-infl ammatory respon...

This chapter will be structured in the following manner. A specifi c histological term that may provide a diagnostic clue will be precisely defi ned. Along with the histological defi nition, the clinical correlate will be described so that there is the beginning of the essential clinicopathologic correlation that is always necessary in order to make the best possible diagnosis. After presenting...

background: infl ammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (il-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-α) are elevated in end-stage renal disease (esrd). il-6 and tnf-α are toxins which deteriorate renal function, and their pathogenic role has been confi rmed in cardiovascular and oral diseases. this study was designed to investigate the salivary levels of il-6 and tnf-α in patients with esrd un...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of severe systemic diseases with multiple intestinal and extraintestinal manifestations (EIM). EIM can affect any organ systems, determine the course, therapy prognosis underlying disease. The frequency (6–80%) differs significantly in studies depending on cohort patients (number, age patients, IBD phenotype). In 6–10% children are first symptoms clas...

The term 'myelopathy' is used in this brief critical communication in preference to the commonly used term 'myelitis' to highlight that all cases of acute transverse myelopa-thies are not of infl ammatory origin. Indeed metabolic and vascular myelopa-thies, at times, do pose serious diagnostic problems and need different therapeutic approaches. The fi rst question, when faced with a clinically ...