The proliferation of e-health holds great promises in sharing medical data, improving healthcare quality, saving patient lives and reducing costs. However, these potential benefits also bring much attention to the issues of information privacy. Given that medical data disclosure is the second highest reported breaches, it is imperative to understand both information privacy and its context in h...

In Information Retrieval (IR), the semantic gap is the difference between what computers store and what users expect via their queries. There are several reasons for the existence of those gaps such as homonymy and synonymy in text retrieval, or the typical difference between low-level representations and keyword-based queries in image retrieval. The objective of this work is to close these gap...

We describe the health information technology (HIT) required for a model of a national health information network (NHIN). Specifically, we define the functional HIT capabilities of an attainable NHIN and determine the gap between the current state of HIT and its likely state in five years, given current trends of adoption. Administrative functionalities will be more prevalent than clinical func...

Supercomputers are composed of many diverse components, operated at a variety of scales, and function as a coherent whole. The resulting logs are thus diverse in format, interrelated at multiple scales, and provide evidence of faults across subsystems. When combined with system configuration information, insights on both the downstream effects and upstream causes of events can be determined. Ho...

OBJECTIVE Fatal errors can occur in intensive care units (ICUs). Researchers claim that information integration at the bedside may improve nurses' situation awareness (SA) of patients and decrease errors. However, it is unclear which information should be integrated and in what form. Our research uses the theory of SA to analyze the type of tasks, and their associated information gaps. We aimed...

Evidence generated through research studies has guided programmatic actions and fine-tuned strategies for the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI). However, many gaps still persist in the understanding of a risk-free implementation of the polio endgame. Immediate concerns relate to the introduction of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) and switch from trivalent oral polio vaccine (tOPV) to b...

BACKGROUND Specialist physicians require clinical information for patient visits in ambulatory encounters, some of which they may access via digital health solutions. OBJECTIVE This study explored the completeness of information for patient care and the consequences of gaps for ambulatory specialist services provided in ambulatory settings in Canada. METHODS A sample of specialist physician...

Medication errors are harmful and costly for healthcare systems. Recent studies show that a major part of these errors are due to the problems in transferring the patient current medication-data between primary and secondary healthcare. Recent ICT development promises to improve the communication between primary and secondary healthcare. In order to find out the constraints that may hamper a co...

This paper aims at creating a broad picture of security awareness and the ways it has been approached and also concerns, problems or gaps that may inhibit its successful implementation, towards understanding the reasons why security awareness practice remains problematic. Open coding analysis was performed on numerous publications (articles, surveys, standards, reports and books). A classificat...

Plants are a hyperdiverse clade that plays a key role in maintaining ecological and evolutionary processes as well as human livelihoods. Biases, gaps and uncertainties in plant occurrence information remain a central problem in ecology and conservation, but these limitations remain largely unassessed globally. In this synthesis, we propose a conceptual framework for analysing gaps in informatio...