Properly coordinating cooperation is relevant for resolving public good problems, such as clean energy and environmental protection. However, little is known about how individuals can coordinate themselves for a certain level of cooperation in large populations of strangers. In a typical situation, a consensus-building process rarely succeeds, owing to a lack of face and standing. The evolution...

I discuss current theoretical expectations of how primordial, Pop III.1 stars form. Lack of direct observational constraints makes this a challenging task. In particular predicting the mass of these stars requires solving a series of problems, which all affect, perhaps drastically, the final outcome. While there is general agreement on the initial conditions, H2-cooled gas at the center of dark...

In this paper we have already investigated the solutions of the two-dimensional fractional system of nonlinear difference equations in the modeling competitive populations in the form 1 1 1 1 1 1 & n n n n n n n n x y x y x y y x             (1) where  and  are real numbers with the initial conditions 1 0 1 , , , x x y   and 0 y such that 1 0 x y    and 1 0 y x    . Moreov...

In this paper, we propose a new very simple mechanism supporting the emergence of cooperation in a population of memoryless agents playing a prisoner’s dilemma game. Each agent belongs to a community and interacts with the agents of its community and with the agents belonging to linked communities. A simple rule governs the dynamics of the system: a community grows (resp. decreases) if the aver...

We present an efficient computational procedure for finite abstraction of discrete-time mixed monotone systems by considering a rectangular partition of the state space. Mixed monotone systems are decomposable into increasing and decreasing components, and significantly generalize the well known class of monotone systems. We tightly overapproximate the one-step reachable set from a box of initi...

1. At the spatial scale relevant to many field studies and management policies, populations may experience more external recruitment than internal recruitment. These sources of recruitment, as well as local demography, are often subject to stochastic fluctuations in environmental conditions. Here, we introduce a class of stochastic models accounting for these complexities and provide analytic m...

The work is devoted to the analysis of cell population dynamics where cells make a choice between differentiation and apoptosis. This choice is based on the values of intracellular proteins whose concentrations are described by a system of ordinary differential equations with bistable dynamics. Intracellular regulation and cell fate are controlled by the extracellular regulation through the num...

Throughout recorded history, nonindigenous vectors that arrive, establish, and spread in new areas have fomented epidemics of human diseases such as malaria, yellow fever, typhus, plague, and West Nile (Lounibos 2002). The spatial spread of newly introduced diseases is a subject of continuing interest to both theoreticians and empiricists. One strand of theoretical developments (e.g., Kendall 1...

This chapter, originally intended for inclusion in [4], focuses on modeling issues by way of an example of a predator-prey model where the predator has a juvenile stage. A careful derivation of the model is given starting from an age-structured model for the predator population. The method of characteristics is used to reduce the partial differential equations to a system of integro-differentia...

We present and discuss the results of an experimental analysis in the design of Boolean networks by means of genetic algorithms. A population of networks is evolved with the aim of finding a network such that the attractor it reaches is of required length l. In general, any target can be defined, provided that it is possible to model the task as an optimisation problem over the space of network...