Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is the only FDA-approved treatment for reperfusing ischemic strokes. But widespread use of tPA is still limited by fears of inadvertently administering tPA in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Surprisingly, however, the assumption that tPA will worsen ICH has never been biologically tested. Here, we assessed the effects of tPA in two models of ICH....

OBJECTIVE In an international collaborative multicenter pooled analysis, we compared mortality, functional outcome, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) volume, and hematoma expansion (HE) between non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulation-related ICH (NOAC-ICH) and vitamin K antagonist-associated ICH (VKA-ICH). METHODS We compared all-cause mortality within 90 days for NOAC-ICH and VKA-ICH usin...

BACKGROUND Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a life threatening entity, and an early outcome assessment is mandatory for optimizing therapeutic efforts. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data from 342 patients with spontaneous primary ICH to evaluate possible predictors of 30-day mortality considering clinical, radiological, and therapeutical parameters. We also applied three widely accepte...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Five pretreatment variables (P<0.1 univariate analysis), including serum glucose (>300 mg/dL), predicted symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rtPA trial. We retrospectively studied stroke patients treated <3 hours from onset with intravenous rtPA at 2 institutions to evaluate the role of these variables ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE This study defines significant thrombolysis associated intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) by identifying an objective threshold volume that predicts clinical deterioration attributable to ICH. METHODS Prospectively collected clinical and radiographic information, from 103 consecutive patients who underwent intraarterial thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke, was reviewed. M...

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH, or macrobleeds) and cerebral microbleeds-smaller foci of hemosiderin deposits commonly detected by magnetic resonance imaging of older adults with or without ICH-are both associated with an increased risk of future ICH. These hemorrhagic pathologies also share risk factors with ischemic thromboembolic conditions that may require antithrombotic therapy, requiring s...

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for 10 to 20% of all strokes. It is the leading cause of all strokes, second only to cerebral infarction [1]. Hypertension is the single most important risk factor for ICH, often leading to solitary ICH [2,3]. Though hypertension can lead to recurrent ICH, the occurrence of multiple simultaneous ICH is rare [4]. The occurrence of multiple simultaneous ICH...

Motor skill learning may induce behavioral and neurophysiological adaptations after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Learning a new motor skill is associated with dendritic reorganization and requires protein synthesis and expression of MAP-2. The purpose of this study was to evaluate motor performance and expression of MAP-2 in the motor cortex of rats submitted to intracerebral hemorrhage mode...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Seizures are a common complication of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We developed a novel tool to quantify this risk in individual patients. METHODS Retrospective analysis of the observational Helsinki ICH Study (n=993; median follow-up, 2.7 years) and the Lille Prognosis of InTra-Cerebral Hemorrhage (n=325; 2.2 years) cohorts of consecutive ICH patients admitted betwe...