Bandoh reported the 3-square-flap method as a procedure for interdigital space reconstruction in patients with minor syndactyly. We recently modified this flap design so that it could be used in the treatment of toe syndactyly involving fusion of the areas distal to the proximal interphalangeal joint. With our method, the reconstructed interdigital space consists of 4 oblong flaps (A through D)...

Acquisition of new cis-regulatory elements (CREs) can cause alteration of developmental gene regulation and may introduce morphological novelty in evolution. Although structural variation in the genome generated by chromosomal rearrangement is one possible source of new CREs, only a few examples are known, except for cases of retrotransposition. In this study, we show the acquisition of novel r...

introduction: in order to study the morphogenetic role of cell death in the development, a series of comparative studies on the structure of the interdigital membrane of chick (with free digit) and duck (webbed digits) embryos was done. materials and methods: chick embryos ranging from 6.5 to 10 days of incubation (stag 30-36 h-h) and duck embryos ranging from 8.5 to 12 days of incubation at 12...

The entrapment theory is the most commonly accepted theory concerning the development of interdigital neuroma; it incriminates the deep transverse metatarsal ligament as the major causative factor of the condition. This report presents a patient with interdigital neuroma in the second intermetatarsal space, which was strongly suspected to be caused by the metatarsophalangeal joint instability d...

The Iroquois homeobox (Irx) genes play a crucial role in the regionalization and patterning of tissues and organs during metazoan development. The Irx1 and Irx2 gene expression pattern during hindlimb development has been investigated in different species, but its regulation during hindlimb morphogenesis has not been explored yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the gene expression patter...

Background: There is an array of clinically and academically derived opinion as to the correct surgical approach to the intermetatarsal space, most frequently to excise a symptomatic interdigital perineural fibroma (aka Morton’s Neuroma). The purpose of this retrospective case series was to evaluate the patient outcomes, and sequelae following a longitudinal plantar incision for excision of int...

Interdigital foot infections are mostly caused initially by dermatophytes, yeasts and less frequently by bacteria. Erythrasma caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum can be confused with superficial mycoses. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of the etiologic agents of superficial mycoses and the frequency of Corynebacterium minutissimum in interdigital foot infections. All the...

We present a printable interdigital structure, integrated into the surface of a component, to monitor the curing of two adhesively joint components during the fabrication process. In the factory of the future there is a need of new sensor concepts beside the information technological infrastructure. Monitoring of the fabrication enables automated control of the process which improves the qualit...

-Interdigital gate Si-MOSFET have been fabricated and electrically tested. Theb photodetection performances are also evaluated and compared with straight