When multiple robots cooperatively explore an environment, maps from individual robots must be merged to produce a single globally consistent map. This is a challenging problem when the robots do not have a common reference frame or global positioning. In this paper, we describe an algorithm for merging embedded topological maps. Topological maps provide a concise description of the navigabilit...

⎯In this paper, we propose a model and a solution procedure to minimize the cost associated with mass customizing consumer products in the presence of multivariate constraints. Three algorithms based on enumeration, steepest descent and Lagrange relaxation are used to solve the non-linear optimization problem and their performance is evaluated with numerical experiments. The sufficient and nece...

This paper argues that the term “robotics” needs to be redefined as “the science of extending human motor capabilities with machines,” and uses the author’s experience with robotics over the past 25 years to support this argument. The current definition is tied by default to the term “robot,” which emerged from science fiction—this tie needs to be broken if robotics research is to be based on r...

Many studies on test anxiety among adult language learners have been performed, while only a few studies have dealt with overall test anxiety. In addition, these studies do not specifically address test anxiety in foreign language learning among elementary school language learners. Thus, this study aims to investigate the level of test anxiety among young learners of English as a foreign langua...

This paper considers the problem of the dynamic processing of large amounts of sparse three-dimensional data. It is assumed that computations are performed in a neighborhood defined around each point in order to retrieve local properties. This general kind of processing can be applied to a wide variety of problems. A new, efficient data structure and corresponding algorithms are proposed that s...

This two-part paper discusses the analysis and control of legged locomotion in terms of N-step capturability: the ability of a legged system to come to a stop without falling by taking N or fewer steps. We consider this ability to be crucial to legged locomotion and a useful, yet not overly restrictive criterion for stability. In this part (Part 1), we introduce a theoretical framework for asse...

Article Info The aim of this study is to investigate the contents of essential, macro and micro elements by the energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF) in different seaweeds (10 red algae, 5 green algae)from collected different regions of Visakhapatnam coast(India). Seaweeds from different estuarine stations were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence, providing results for the concen...

Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) is renowned for its production of essential oils, which major components are sesquiterpenoids. As the important enzyme in the sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis pathway, the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) catelyzes the first committed step of isoprenoids biosynthesis in MVA pathway. In this study, a full-length cDNA encoding HMGR (designate...

The effects of osmotic and matric water potential on mycelial growth, production and germination of conidia, and production and maturation of pseudothecia of Pyrenophora triticirepentis (PTR), the cause of tan spot of wheat, were examined on clarified V8 juice agar amended with KCl or polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG8000). Patterns of the growth responses of three isolates to decreasing osmotic an...

Watermarking is an effective technology that solves many problems within a digitization project. A high capacity data entrenching scheme based on precise and fast framework for the computation of Zernike moments (ZMs) is proposed in this paper. The high capacity is achieved by maximizing data entrenching size and improving the hiding ratio after dipping the inaccuracies in the computation of ZM...