β-glucans have been extensively studied for their pharmacological effects. Despite in-depth research, little is known about the optimal dose and/or optimal route of application. In this paper, we are reporting the result of comparing the immunostimulating activities of four commercially available glucans differing both in their solubility and source. In addition, we compared intraperitoneal and...

Cytoxan, a cyclic phosphamide ester of nitrogen mustard, was tested for tumor-inhibiting activity in the transplantable human tumor-rat host experimental chemotherapy systems with the use of the sarcoma II.S. #1 and the epidermoid carcinoma II.Ep. #:3. The compound inhibited the growth of both tumors when the initial dose was given s hours after tumor transplantation, by the intraperitoneal or ...

As assessed by both standard histological staining and immunochemistry, intraperitoneal inoculation of C. burnetii in guinea pigs led to pathologic changes mainly in the liver, whereas intranasal inoculation led to pathologic changes mainly in the lungs. Myocarditis and positive blood cultures were observed only in those animals which received the highest inoculum. We therefore conclude that bo...

To determine whether Didelphis albiventris is naturally infected with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, 20 specimens of this mammal were studied by both direct cultivation of their viscera (spleen, liver and lungs) and by inoculation of Swiss mice by the intraperitoneal route with a suspension of fragments of these viscera. No fungal growth or structures similar to this fungus were detected. Proba...

In this study, a methanolic extract from Echinaster (Othilia) echinophorus was evaluated for activity against Leishmania amazonensis. The extract showed activity against the promastigote and amastigote forms with IC50 values of 62.9 and 37.5 microg.mL-1 respectively. This extract showed a moderate toxicity on macrophages from BALB/c mice. A dose of 100 mg/kg/day was effective when administered ...

1. Sodium 2-methyl-2-phenoxy-propanoate is intended for use as injectable 10% aqueous solution in cases of digestive problems, rumen impaction, enterotoxaemia, ketosis, gaseous bloat of the rumen, hepatic failure in cattle (including dairy cows), horses, swine, sheep and goats. The method of administration is by deep intramuscular, intraperitoneal or slow intravenous route at the dosages of 10 ...

The antinociceptive effects of morusin (1), the main prenylflavonoid present in the Morus nigra root barks have been investigated in classical models of pain in mice. The results showed that 1 exhibits a promising antinociceptive or analgesic profile by the intraperitoneal route, being more potent than some standard drugs used as reference. The mechanism by which the morusin exerts antinocicept...

we reviewed 55 cases with trauma to the urinary bladder. blunt trauma was the cause of injury in 78 percent of cases and associated pelvic fracture was present in 75 percent. eighty percent of extraperitoneal ruptures were associated with fracture of the pelvis. the most common cause of trauma was car accident (63%), followed by war injury (20%). nearly two-thirds of patients (63 %) had extrape...

The gram-negative bacterium Vibrio cholerae releases outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) during growth. In this study, we immunized female mice by the intranasal, intragastric, or intraperitoneal route with purified OMVs derived from V. cholerae. Independent of the route of immunization, mice induced specific, high-titer immune responses of similar levels against a variety of antigens present in the...

Excretion patterns of "C derived from intraperitoneal doses of ring-labeled and methoxy-labeled aflatoxin Bi were investi gated in male rats. It was found that 70-80% of the administered radioactivity from both compounds was excreted during the 24 hours following administration. A major excretory route of the ring-labeled material was through biliary excretion into feces, which accounted for ne...