Introduction: As endotracheal intubation is the first action which must be done for serious and very ill patients , so any procrastination leads to dangerous consequences including aspiration and finally death. Routine method for endotracheal intubation is injection of intravascular diazepam- Pethidine and sometimes muscle relaxants , but these drugs in Patients with GCS under 7 cause more decr...

Background: High-risk intravenous injection errors are fatal to patients and bring great harm. Thus, it is of vital importance to identify the causes of such errors and establish a preventive system and safety culture among the health care professionals to prevent systematic injection errors in the hospital. Objective:The purpose of the present study was to identify the causes of and problems a...

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) produces beneficial angiogenesis in animal models of coronary and peripheral ischemia. However, intravenous bolus injection of Chinese hamster ovary cell (CHO)-derived VEGF produces adverse effects on hemodynamics. The present study examined pharmacokinetic and hemodynamic responses to Escherichia coli-derived VEGF, which will be used in clinical patien...

A comparision of the effects of intraperitoneal and subcutaneous injections of PMS as an ovulatory gonadotropin was made by using the induced ovulatory response in immature mice pretreated with 2.5 IU of PMS. The intraperitoneal injection increased the sensitivity of the assay by 2.3-fold, as compared to the subcutaneous administration. The blood levels of PMS after a single intravenous or subc...

Background: Heart failure is one of the most common cardiovascular disorders and is considered a chronic, progressive and debilitating disorder. The medical treatment of this disease is accompanied by many problems. Today, stem cells are being used increasingly to reduce the problems of heart failure treatments. Since pro-inflammatory cytokines play an important role in the prognosis and progre...

On the night before the surgery, she was given tablet ranitidine 150mg and tablet alprazolam 0.5mg, as per our routine protocol. On the day of surgery, she was wheeled to the operation theater, her intravenous line was put and ringer lactate infusion was started. Monitoring included 5-lead electrocardiography, pulse oximetry, non-invasive blood pressure and end-tidal carbondi-oxide concentratio...

Emulsions of fat suitable for intravenous ad ministration have been used in this laboratory as @ source of calories, as an aid in the study of lipid metabolism, and as a vehicle for fat-soluble ma tenials. The latter use has been of value in studies with rats on the effects of the intravenous injection Cof carcinogenic hydrocarbons. Several investiga tions have been reported in which emulsions ...