There is a growing body of evidence over the last years suggesting continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) ventilation being the first choice of ventilatory support in newborns with extremely low gestational age, and early rescue surfactant treatment being as effective as prophylactic therapy. The Intubation Surfactant Extubation procedure is discussed as an alternative procedure that may ha...

Allowing relatively inexperienced physicians-in-training to perform invasive medical procedures is a widely accepted practice, generally felt to be justified by the need to train future generations of physicians. The ethical justification of this practice, however, is rarely if ever explored in any depth. This essay examines the moral issues associated with this practice, in the setting of a sp...

Pneumopericardium is an uncommon complication of the neonatal transition period, occurring in 1.3 percent of premature neonates in intensive care settings. Its occurrence is usually associated with some type of barotrauma or respiratory intervention, such as endotracheal intubation or administration of continuous positive airway pressure, and is almost exclusively a problem for the premature in...

The effect of raising the airways resistance of 56 normal newborn babies by blocking alternate nostrils was studied by means of oesophageal intubation and the trunk plethysmograph. Increased resistance was associated with reduced respiratory rate and ventilation. A comparison was made of the response in different sleep states. In rapid eye movement (REM) sleep respiratory tidal volume decreased...

Congenital pyloric atresia is a rare anomaly accounting for less than 1% of upper GI atresias. It may occur in isolation or in association with other congenital anomalies, epidermolysis bullosa being the most frequent. It presents with upper abdominal distension, non-bilious vomiting or rarely with complications as aspiration pneumonia, electrolyte imbalance or gastric perforation. Though iatro...

Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia (CPL) is a rare lymphatic pulmonary abnormality. CPL with respiratory distress has a poor prognosis, and is frequently fatal in neonates. We report a case of pneumonectomy for CPL in a newborn. An infant girl, born at 39 weeks' after an uncomplicated pregnancy, exhibited respiratory distress 1 hr after birth, which necessitated intubation and aggressive ven...

we reported a case of late congenital cystic malformation (CCAM) diagnosis with problematic COVID-19 infected condition during delivery and dilemmatic neonatal management. A 24-year-old pregnant woman, second pregnancy, came very in pregnancy (38 weeks gestational age), misdiagnosed diaphragmatic hernia. Our ultrasound examination revealed type-1 the right lung, some normal lung lobes. The Left...

We here report the case of a G2P2 patient hospitalized for premature labor at 38w+3d. Phisical examination showed full cervical dilation, water breaking and fixed face presentation. Fetal heart rate tracing was evaluated as normal. The patient underwent cesarean section due to face presentation. Physical examination of the newborn in the delivery room revealed female infant, PN = 3.7Kg, with re...

BACKGROUND The surgical treatment of patency ductus arteriosus is indicated when the clinical intervention fails. However, this treatment may have some complications. OBJECTIVE To analyze clinical and surgical aspects involved on the treatment of patency ductus arteriosus in premature newborn. METHODS Twenty two premature newborns, submitted to surgical treatment for patency ductus arterios...

OBJECTIVE Endotracheal intubation of newborn infants is a mandatory competence for many pediatric trainees. The Neonatal Resuscitation Program recommends a 20-second limit for intubation attempts. Intubation attempts by junior doctors are frequently unsuccessful, and many infants are intubated between 20 and 30 seconds without apparent adverse effect. Little is known about the proficiency of mo...